Carbon dioxide capture and storage by mineralisation (CCSM) is considered to be an alternative solution for reducing anthropogenic C0₂in some regions, where geological storage is not possible or considered uneconomically viable. However, low efficiency of mineral dissolution and…
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This thesis examined a range of methods for sampling soil pore water to investigate the chemistry of trace elements. In particular, the study assessed whether Rhizon samplers, centrifugation, high pressure squeezing and soil suspensions in simulated pore water can be viable appr…
The feasibility of using CFD to model the dispersion of pollutant in the near wake of a model vehicle was investigated through a series of experimental and computational studies. The near wake structure of the MIRA 33% scale reference vehicle (fastback) was measured using Partic…
This thesis describes the development of a system to assist the design of long-term remediation strategies for radioactively contaminated land. Existing radiological models, that estimate the uptake of radionuclides by plants and the doses arising from exposure to external radia…
A collection of hardware weightless Boolean elements has been developed. These form fundamental building blocks which have particular pertinence to the field of weightless neural networks. They have also been shown to have merit in their own right for the design of robust archit…
Traffic-related air pollution is now a major concern. The Rio Earth Summit and the Government's commitment to Agenda 21 has led to Local Authorities taking responsibility to manage the growing number of vehicles and to reduce the impact of traffic on the environment. There is an…
This thesis aims to apply recent conceptual frameworks for climate change impact assessment to the road freight sector of Great Britain in order to identify potential future safety issues. The freight sector is a key component of Great Britain’s economy, and one which is particu…
The work presented here is a research thesis of the Ph. D programme in The School of Computing, Science & Engineering at The University of Salford UK. The work presents the evaluation of using explicit finite element techniques for structural non-linear dynamic analysis of a flo…
Multiphase flow is the simultaneous flow of two or more phases, in direct contact, and is important in the oil industry, e.g. in production wells, in sub-sea pipelines and during the drilling of wells. The behaviour of the flow will depend on the properties of the constituent ph…
This thesis is concerned with Dynamic Economic Dispatch (DED) problems, in particular in the context of the current and future needs of the electrical power system in the State of Kuwait. General Economic Dispatch (ED) issues are addressed, under both static and dynamic conditio…
Successful geological sequestration of carbon in deep saline aquifers as a technological strategy to reduce CO2 emissions and combat climate change requires accurate predictive models of rock-brine-C0 2 interactions, which need to be validated and refined through comparisons wit…
Optimal cut plans for cutter suction dredgers aim to maximize operational efficiency. Maximizing operational efficiency involves minimization of stoppage time resulting from non-productive dredger movements. To automate a systematic search for optimal twodimensional cut plans fo…
High throughput analytical methods based on UPLC-APCI-HRMS and/or UPLC-ESI-HRMS were developed for the multi-residue analysis of pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PPCPs), brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and their degradation/transformation products. The PPCPs method wa…
Water supplies have been meeting strict experiments all over the world and the tendencies of reducing precipitations and rising temperatures in the arid and semi-arid of the Middle-East region (such as Iran) aggravate this condition during the last few decades. A proper water pl…
This thesis develops a participatory modelling process to study improvement in the management of irrigation efficiency, including physical and social dimensions in the context of arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. This study develops an interdisciplinary and participatory metho…
Indoor microenvironments can have a relevant contribution towards the total exposure to pollutants. The biomarkers of exposure and effect were analysed in general population, to evaluate the impact of VOCs, PAHs and tobacco smoke exposure in everyday life. We designed a model fo…
Sugar factories are a significant source of water pollution, particularly in developing countries such as Pakistan, where the sugar industry is the second largest after tanneries. The wastewater is disposed of untreated to the environment, since traditional wastewater treatment …
This research is mainly focussed on solar radiation in the UK. It can be divided into four main areas; evaluation of models, analysis of the relations between temperature and solar radiation, critical analysis of the projected future data for the UK and the improvement to the UK…
This thesis introduces three main elements to support decision-making in air quality-related transport planning. The first are novel automatic collection and processing algorithms for traffic flow and geospatial data for input to air pollution models of transport schemes under a…