Establishing relationships between morphology and behaviour in response to environmental selection pressures are crucial to understand the evolution of diversity within groups such as the hominoids. Muscle architecture (fascicle length and physiological cross-sectional area) fro…
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This project concerns the use of an electromagnetic sensor for the detection of leaks/cracks in water pipes. As old metal pipes corrode they start to become brittle, resulting in the potential for cracks to appear in the pipes. In addition corrosion can build up resulting in a r…
The global demand of the volume of woody biomass (such as wood, logging residue, sawdust and so on) is huge and increased annually, due to its new application for the energy/fuel production during recent years. Pyrolysis is termed as a promising thermo-chemical technology to con…
Hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction (HC-SCR) is emerging as one of the most practical methods for the removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from light-duty-diesel engine exhaust gas. In order to further promote the chemical reactions of NOx-SCR by hydrocarbons, an understanding…
Buses, the main form of public transport in many urban areas, are considered as an efficient and environmentally friendly transport mode because of their high passenger capacity. The concept of bus priority was originally proposed to protect buses from urban traffic congestion s…
This thesis focuses on modelling the degradation of particles in gas-solid fluidised beds. Modelling is performed by using a coupled approach where the gas phase is treated as a continuum and the solid phase is represented by individual discrete particles, using the discrete ele…
Accelerated carbonation involves exposing a material to a concentrated atmosphere of carbon dioxide, and can be used to treat hazardous wastes and soils and create new construction materials. The present work examines the use of accelerated carbonation to reduce the hazardous pr…
Local weather data (wind direction, wind speed and temperature) from meteorological stations and daily synoptic data have been examined in relation to airborne particulate material (PM10) concentrations recorded at 17 pollution monitoring sites throughout Kent for the period 200…
Despite water being apparently abundant, up to half of the world’s population is faced with water crises which is growing at an alarming rate most especially in developing countries such as African countries where both physical and economic water scarcities prevail. Thus with th…
Due to legislative pressures and the recent ban of trybutyl tin, alternative environmentally acceptable ship hull antifouling systems are required. This thesis uses a multidisciplinary approach to combine two disparate areas of research namely marine biology and surface engineer…
The objective of this thesis is to develop a standard, simple methodology for the assessment of health in areas near sources of pollution. This methodology should make use of readily available data and computing facilities. A literature review on previous studies on the subject …
The United Kingdom utility services are facing the challenge of "mapping the underworld" over four million kilometres of buried pipes and cables (a combination of water, sewage, gas, electricity and drainage). Having accurately mapped pipes and cables increases the efficiency of…
A considerable amount of work has been conducted developing exposure estimate models for quantitative evaluation of Hg intake and human health risks, but few have assessed the applicability and the validity for evaluating the risks posed by Hg in the environment and have achieve…
A laboratory scale prototype mesh bioreactor (MeBR) for the two-stage anaerobic digestion (AD) of biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) was successfully designed and tested. The development involved a number of preliminary stages; creation and characterization of a synthetic BMW (…
In this work, a new thermo-mechanical model is developed by improving on an existing one, applicable to large deep seated landslides and rockslides consisting of a coherent mass sliding on a thin clayey layer. The considered time window is that of catastrophic acceleration, star…
This research addresses gaps in current knowledge regarding process issues associated with long term semi-continuous digestion of food waste as a sole substrate, and the role of trace elements and biomass retention in digestion of food wastes. Source segregated food wastes were …
Climate change is affecting planet Earth. The main cause is anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, the principal one being carbon dioxide, released in the atmosphere as a by-product of the combustion of hydrocarbons for the generation of energy. Carbon capture and storage …
The ICSSWH (Integrated Collector Storage Solar Water Heater), apart from being the oldest is also the most economical means of solar water heating. The effect of modifications in the collector geometry has frequently appeared in the literature, and over the time, has resulted in…
This thesis deals with the following aspects of renewable energy technology; solar energy modelling within the urban environment, performance of building integrated renewables including solar photovoltaics and micro wind technology. The development of hydrogen technology and ele…