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""How Writing Came About' constitutes the first comprehensive study of Near Eastern tokens to be aimed at a general audience. Based on the analysis and interpretation of a selection of eight thousand specimens from 116 sites in Iran, Iraq, the Levant, and Turkey, it documents th…
In 1992, the University of Texas Press published Before Writing, Volume I: From Counting to Cuneiform and Before Writing, Volume II: A Catalog of Near Eastern Tokens. In these two volumes, Denise Schmandt-Besserat set forth her groundbreaking theory that the cuneiform script inv…
In 1992, the University of Texas Press published Before Writing, Volume I: From Counting to Cuneiform and Before Writing, Volume II: A Catalog of Near Eastern Tokens. In these two volumes, Denise Schmandt-Besserat set forth her groundbreaking theory that the cuneiform script inv…
The author presents a system of counters (tokens) which represented a breakthrough in communication. These tokens were small objects modeled in clay in various geometric forms used for counting and accounting for goods. The system has implications for studies in origins of civil…
The author presents a system of counters (tokens) which represented a breakthrough in communication. These tokens were small objects modeled in clay in various geometric forms used for counting and accounting for goods. The system has implications for studies in origins of civil…