There is around 9.5 kJ/L of energy contained in UK wastewater which is wasted through traditional aeration treatment. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology provides a new approach to carry the promise of both treating wastewater without aeration and producing renewable energy in …
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The development of competent technicians for the oil and gas industries is vital for a sustainable economy in Libya. One of the major factors that brought about modernisation in the country is the export of oil and gas. This has allowed Libya to embark on profound growth and exp…
It is well established that anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can be manufactured by processes involving final sintering. This research investigated a novel alternative method which relies on the electroless co-deposition of yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ) or ceria-stab…
This research was designed to investigate the properties of aggregate with a new cement coating applied, and to test the effect of including this aggregate in a bituminous road mixture. The investigation was divided into three main areas of study. They were, chemical and physica…
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been used to study point defects in synthetic single crystal diamond. Newly observed defects are reported in high pressure high temperature (HPHT) and chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond. HPHT diamond doped with 15N has been used to…
Mechanically agitated vessels are widely used for various mixing operations within a wide range of industries including the chemical, pharmaceutical, food and petroleum industries. They are used for liquid blending, solid-liquid mixing, gas dispersion in liquids, heat/mass trans…
There is increasing clinical need for bone substitutes because of the limited supply of autogenous tissue, and the significance of inherited or other bone diseases. The ultimate aim of this study was to form calcium phosphate (CaP) based matrices as bone grafts for medical appli…
Tightening legislation for vehicles across the world has caused the use of monolith catalysts in automotive emission control to become ubiquitous. Control of the adherence and homogeneity of the platinum group metal (PGM) coating onto the monolith block, to maximise catalytic pe…
The application of High Throughput Experimentation (HTE) stirred vessels in the catalyst and pharmaceutical industries enable the parallel screening of potential formulations. Such tasks only require a fraction of the raw material and experimental time that are needed in convent…
The work in this thesis used an in vitro flow system, which incorporated a capillary viscometer, to systematically determine the effects that haemodynamic variables, or rheological properties of the perfused, fluorescently-labelled blood, had on the behaviour of leukocytes and p…
Although there has been ongoing research on fluidised beds for the past 70 years, the interaction between particles and rising bubbles and the general solids motion in bubbling fluidised beds are still not fully understood. The work presented in this thesis uses the method known…
Recently, technology and research in control systems have made fast progress in numerous fields, such as chemical process engineering. The modelling and control may face some challenges as the procedures applied to chemical reactors and processes are nonlinear. Therefore, the ai…
Bacteria form biofilms on solid surfaces by using surface adhesins and by secreting extracellular matrix components. While many biofilms are harmful, for example in clinical and industrial settings, biofilms have been shown to improve yield in biocatalysis reactions generating p…
Multilayered films are formed via coextrusion when separately extruded polymer melt streams come together in either an injector block linked to a die or a multi-manifold die. As multilayered film structures increase in complexity it becomes more difficult to control the individu…
The work presented within this thesis focuses on the synthesis, characterisation and processing of novel materials for use within solid oxide fuel cells. A range of perovskite materials, previously shown to have potential for solid oxide fuel cell applications, were selected for…
This PhD project aimed to study the separation of carbon dioxide from high pressure gas mixtures as it is directly applicable to pre-combustion carbon dioxide capture. Adsorption isotherms were produced and best fit by the Langmuir-Freundlich and dual-site Langmuir (DSL) isother…
Control release from biopolymer is an important issue for flavour perception following to reduce flavour content such as salt in food formulation without any tangible change in taste. The experiments presented release behaviour from low acyl gellan gum gel. Attempts were focused…
In modern Internal Combustion (IC) engines, the fuel spray atomization process is known to play a key role in affecting mixture formation, combustion efficiency and soot emissions. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the fuel spray characteristics and atomization process is o…
The spray and combustion characteristics of the new bio-fuel candidates, 2,5-dimethylfuran (known as DMF) and 2-methylfuran (known as MF), are examined using optical diagnostic methods. A macroscopic spray characteristics study using high speed imaging has been performed to gain…