Once described as a "diligent apprentice," China has emerged in the early 21st century as an active and sometimes contentious participant in the UN Security Council. For the U.S., China has complicated decision-making on a range of issues, including North Korea, Iran, Iraq, Suda…
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In a world filled with competing multinational corporations, a rising and falling global political economy, progressive advancements in technology and communication and immense inequality of wealth, globalization has become a buzzword often surrounded with expectations and misco…
This study examines the effects of conflict and international humanitarian responses on forced migration in Sub-Saharan Africa between 1980 and 2007. In facing violent conflicts, not all people leave their homes. Some people decide to stay. Some people seek a refuge outside thei…
This study seeks to assess the relationship between United States-led sanctions and the foreign exchange rate (vis-à-vis the U.S. dollar) of targeted nations. Recent research has examined various impacts that sanctions have on a target nation, suggesting that sanctions often fun…
The United Nations (UN) talks a lot about democratization. The Secretary-General (UNSG) declares it a priority, and the Security Council and General Assembly resolve to support new and restored democracies. However, action does not always follow. The UN has an Electoral Assistan…
This historical investigation of U.S.-Turkish relations from the end of World War II to 1964 provides a greater understanding of the challenges inherent in the formation and implementation of U.S. policy in Turkey at a time when the Turks embarked on multiparty politics and a de…
Despite the prominence of the issue across time, scholarly accounts of population rhetoric remain limited. Those analyses that do respond to this current of public argument focus overwhelmingly on actors such as Paul Ehrlich and R. Thomas Malthus, and on extreme instantiations o…
Humanitarian intervention has long been a secondary or tertiary concern in a security driven international system. Since NATO's intervention during the Kosovo crisis in 1999 there have been significant developments in both the language and form of humanitarian intervention as a …
The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the self-interests of the three guarantors, Great Britain, Turkey, and Greece, that diminished their performance as trustworthy guarantors of the peace in Cyprus beginning on Independence Day, August 16, 1960, and to prove using pos…
Each September states and their representatives converge at the United Nations to mount an annual show with a global audience. In international institutions one finds many species of theatre, but that appellation should not be taken pejoratively. Placing the work of the United N…
Given the complexity of contemporary refugee situations and factors that contribute to refugee flows, U.N. refugee policy is inadequate to deal with the current refugee crisis and must be challenged. The definition of refugee and the international structures for refugee protecti…
The project examines Nigerian foreign policy in West Africa and its relationship to the participation of Lagos in multinational peacekeeping operations in the same geographic area. Nigerian foreign policy goals tend to remain unchanging while the methods, in particular multinati…
For reasons of Cold War politics, and subsequently for what would become known as “soft power,” Canada has always been an enthusiastic player in the peacekeeping arena. Within these predominantly United Nations missions, supporting peacekeepers through intelligence operations ha…
This dissertation compares Cold War peacekeeping missions with missions in the Post Cold War era, identifying reasons for the success of the former and the failure of the latter. The author dissects the basic components of Classical Peacekeeping (Cold War era) and states that th…
Since the end of the Cold War, the United Nations has expanded its peacekeeping operations in response to the large number of civil conflicts around the world. Many of these recent missions are “multidimensional,” in that they include sizable military, police, refugee, humanitar…
The United States and the international community intervened in a number of internal conflicts throughout the 1990s, generally justifying their actions on humanitarian grounds. In most cases, external military intervention largely halted the fighting and allowed humanitarian ass…
The tragedy of Pan Am Flight 103 explosion over Lockerbie, Scotland shocked the world for we never get used to such atrocities. However, the scope of the tragedy was more than just an aircraft explosion. It shook the very foundations upon which the United Nations system rests. I…
The study of conflict management in the post war period has encompassed various aspects, including the debates over the usefulness of international attempts in the maintenance of peace and security. Since 1945, Canada has been involved in all major United Nations peacekeeping mi…
On the eve of the 21st century, the international community is on the verge of a crisis in maintaining international peace and security. The old rules, norms, and procedures of the bipolar Cold War environment which regulated international hostilities have collapsed with the dis…