After more than twelve years of major humanitarian, security and development aid and assistance from international community, the government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan prepares to shift back security arrangements throughout the country from the International Security…
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National infrastructure form the bedrock for economic growth and social security, both of which lowers conflict risks. This encourages states and international organizations to invest heavily in post-conflict infrastructure reconstruction efforts, believing that infrastructure p…
This dissertation is a collection of three essays that examine how political economy and institutional factors influence development outcomes. In Chapter 1, I introduce each essay and argue that it is important to incorporate political economy and institutional considerations in…
This dissertation challenges the argument common in the scholarly literature and policy discourse on peacebuilding that the way to achieve coordination in peacebuilding is to establish a strong, overarching coordination authority. 1 While some degree of centralization may be pos…
From drug trafficking in Mexico and Central America, to violent extremism in the Horn of Africa, to insurgents in Colombia, to all three in Afghanistan and Pakistan, significant weaknesses in governance and economic development underlie many of the greatest security threats curr…
Following the Civil War, a number of terrorist organizations were founded in the states of the former Confederacy with the express aim of reversing the progressive gains of Emancipation and Reconstruction. Among the methods employed by these groups, of which the Ku Klux Klan was…
This dissertation is a history of commemoration of the atomic bomb in Hiroshima in the context of the global development of Holocaust and WW II memory. Using the history of the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park as a platform, it examines the role of architecture, psychiatry, emotion…
This thesis is concerned with the intentional destruction of landscapes of identity during warfare and their post-war reconstruction. The concepts in this project are situated within the context of the geography of place and within the constructs of the notion of landscape as a …
Identicide is the conscious intent to destroy the physical manifestations of a society in order to destroy cultural identity and to erase any signs of previous existence. When a community is affected by identicide, and significant cultural places and symbols are destroyed, there…
Employing a combination of extensive personal experience in Africa, former Soviet Union, Asia and Europe, and field research, interviews, and in-depth literature review, this study offers a multi-level analysis of complex emergencies. The unprecedented number of civilians expose…
This thesis is an attempt to explore the Jordanian community of today with its multi-ethnic fusion and its social practices that often appear rooted in the past. It is an examination of what possible series of symbols could be formed from a collective view of the diverse ethnici…
This thesis presents a multi-proxy reconstruction of Holocene sea-level change at the Steart Peninsula in Bridgwater Bay, Somerset. Single- and multi-proxy transfer functions were developed from diatom and foraminifera training data from two sites on the Severn Estuary coast. Co…
This dissertation reconstructs the original form and sixteenth-century decoration of the lost Venetian church of Santa Maria Assunta dei Crociferi, destroyed after the suppression of the Crociferi in 1656 to make way for the present church of the Gesuiti. The destruction of the …
There are about 300 archaeological open-air museums in Europe. Their history goes from Romanticism up to modern-day tourism. With the majority dating to the past 30 years, they do more than simply present (re)constructed outdoor sceneries based on archaeology. They have an impor…
For over two hundred years the U.S. military has conducted operations other than "major war." Rarely, however, has the institution translated the experience to doctrine, education, or training, leaving each generation with only personal experience, ingenuity, and initiative to a…
In the early 1980s Bulgarian archaeologists of the newly established Centre for Underwater Archaeology at Sozopol discovered the remains of a post-medieval ship in the southern Bay of Kitten, in the lee of Cape Urdoviza. Between 2000 and 2003, the Institute of Nautical Archaeolo…
This study consists of a detailed architectural and historical assessment of the remains of two Roman-era honorific arches at the imperial colony of Pisidian Antioch, near the modern town of Yalvaç in Turkey. My analysis shows that these arches reflect the colonial situation of …
The increasing civilian toll associated with armed conflict has led to a mounting humanitarian crisis. Young people make up an growing proportion of these civilians, and occupy a particularly vulnerable transitional stage between childhood and adulthood. It is of paramount conce…
This work is based on research conducted in Iraq during the period August 2006 through July 2007. The purpose of the research is to critically evaluate the effectiveness of American reconstruction efforts in southern Iraq. The 2003 American and Coalition intervention in Iraq has…