Human annotators are critical for creating the necessary datasets to train statistical learners, but annotation cost and limited access to qualified annotators forms a data bottleneck. In recent years, researchers have investigated overcoming this obstacle using crowdsourcing, w…
While a study of user-made markings can inform the design of reading and annotating systems, there have been relatively few empirical investigations of user markings in an online environment. Most examinations of markings were carried out on paper documents, and electronic annot…
In this thesis, the concept of mobile messaging awareness has been investigated by designing and implementing a framework which is able to annotate the short text messages with context ontology for semantic reasoning inference and classification purposes. The annotated metadata …
This study explores the relationship between different smartphone reading annotation strategies and students’ comprehension. Subjects in the study are 139 teenage students enrolled in a religion class in the Southwestern United States. Each of the participants utilized a digital…