Loosely Synchronized (LS) codes can be used as spreading codes in quasi synchronous code-division multiple-access (QS-CDMA) systems. In such CDMA systems, close control of synchronization is achieved at the chip level, interme diate between that in synchronous CDMA and that in…
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After establishing itself in the radio domain, Spread spectrum code-division multiplexing/multiple-access (CDMA) has seen a recent upsurge in optical domain as well. Due to its fairness, flexibility, service differentiation and increased inherent security, CDMA is proved to be m…