This dissertation is concerned to rethink the relation between money and the state in a way that challenges both Marxist and chartalist stories about the history and nature of money and monetary phenomena. In doing so, it examines the problem of liquidity, or the question of whe…
This dissertation is the first comprehensive study of the central Black Sea region in Turkey (ancient Pontus) during the Hellenistic period. It examines the environmental, archaeological, literary, and numismatic data in individual chapters. The focus of this examination is the …
This dissertation is an examination of the branch as a messianic motif in the Old Testament. Chapter 1 defines the existence of three major views among biblical scholars: (1) the literal, (2) historical, and (3) traditional-figurative views. With each interpretation scholars ass…
In 1963 an impressive hoard was accidentally turned up near the tower of al-Sultan Zahir Baybars I at the site of the old Muslim city of Karak in southern Jordan. The hoard was the largest of its type uncovered to date. It consisted of a total of 2,244 early Mamluk silver specie…
The coinages of the North Aegean have long been viewed as an anomaly: large and extensive silver issues produced in a region thought to be a mere backwater of the Greek world. For this reason, modern scholarship has tended to assume that they were originally intended as a conven…