Thesiss

Muslim communities developing around charismatic Sufi marabouts in twentieth-century West Africa represented the fruition of enduring values concerning the carrying of sacred knowledge in the bodily presence of Muslim scholars. Muslim mystics were not ahistorical constants in th…

Symbols are the first and most pervasive way individuals and cultures communicate. They are holders of value and meaning, multivocal and adaptive by nature, and are transformative as they reconcile opposites and establish reality. Symbols are accessed through the imagination and…