Liquefaction is a secondary hazard that occurs during earthquakes and can cause severe damage to overlying infrastructure. As a result, liquefaction can be a significant contributor to loss due to earthquakes as observed during the 2011 New Zealand earthquakes or the 1995 Kobe e…
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Historical evidence from events as far back as the 1964 Niigata earthquake and most recently the devastating 1995 Hyogoken Nanbu (Kobe), Japan and 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey earthquakes indicates that sites with ground improvement as a liquefaction countermeasure suffer less ground de…
Presented in this dissertation are the results of various studies conducted to characterize the liquefaction resistance of aged natural deposits. The data considered include laboratory and field test results from sites in five countries with particular focus on multiple location…
An experimental research program has been undertaken to assess the cyclic response of soils with significant fines (both plastic and non-plastic). Advanced cyclic testing of low plasticity silty and clayey soils is required to characterize the liquefaction susceptibility of fine…
The response of soil masses during an earthquake is governed by the characteristics of the ground motions and the soil material properties. The ground motions generated during earthquakes are random and nonstationary with respect to both amplitude and frequency. Different method…
The August 17, 1999, Kocaeli, Turkey earthquake (Mw = 7.4) struck the northwestern region of the country and was one of the most deadly and costly earthquakes of the country's modern history. Ground failure in Adapazari was particularly severe. Besides pervasive structural damag…
Human and economic losses caused by earthquake-induced soil liquefaction underscore the importance of assessing liquefaction hazards, both by determining whether a soil is likely to liquefy and by estimating consequences that these events may cause. Numerical simulations have pr…
The National Building Code of Canada recommends that effective stress ground response analysis be performed if a liquefiable stratum is identified within a soil profile. While constitutive models for total stress ground response analysis have been well verified against earthquak…
The development of a reliable, and cost-effective in-situ method for characterizing the liquefaction potential of gravelly soils is a considerable challenge for engineers and researchers. The ability to accurately characterize the liquefaction potential of gravelly soils is an i…
Liquefaction is a major earthquake-induced hazard that has been studied extensively through the years but still poses significant challenges to researchers and practitioners, even for level-ground free-field conditions. Case histories, laboratory tests at different scales, from …
For 50 years, significant investments have been made to develop models that predict soil liquefaction. Many of the results may be described as either: (i) wholly empirical models that require only geologic or geospatial data, and which are accessible to a broad userbase; or (ii)…