The thermal history of the Higgs boson and its connection with electroweak symmetry breaking play an important role in the production of cosmological relics. In this thesis, I study different patterns of the electroweak symmetry at finite temperatures to build a bridge connectin…
It has often been the case in history that the laws of physics have been used as the framework for understanding and implementing information processing. The tacit assumption is that the laws of physics are fundamental and that the notion of information is derived from these law…
The discovery of the accelerated expansion of our Universe brought with it a new theoretical entity called dark energy. Within our standard model of cosmology, ΛCDM, this dark energy component is described by a cosmological constant with a small energy density that does not evol…
In the first part of this dissertation we study theories with several hundred (N) axion fields which are subject to a broad class of periodic potentials. We develop a new technique, based on the discovery of approximate symmetries and which uses the Lenstra-Lenstra-Lovász lattic…
Random matrix theory has a long history. It was first introduced in mathematical statistics by John Wishart in 1928, and it gained attention during the 1950s due to work by Eugene Wigner studying the distribution of nuclear energy levels. A large number of physicists and mathema…
The genesis and history of the Universe cannot be explained by the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics, as confirmed by an overwhelming amount of astrophysical and cosmological observations. At the same time, a clear signal of new physics has yet to be seen in dedicated terr…
We explore physics Beyond the Standard Model in the dark matter and in the neutrino sectors. In both cases, we parametrize New Physics effects at low energy experiments with an Effective Field Theory (EFT) approach. We then propose a dynamical solution of the fermion mass hierar…
This thesis is a culmination of several papers at the interface of high energy physics and early Universe cosmology. Primary focus will be on the quantumly generated instability of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs at high energies (the RG effective potential turns over at ∼ 1010-10…
Through their observable properties, the first and smallest dark matter halos represent a rare probe of subkiloparsec-scale variations in the density of the early Universe. These density variations could hold clues to the nature of inflation, the postinflationary cosmic history,…
The optical pitch polishing process has been used over 300 years to obtain high quality optical surface finish with little subsurface damage. A pitch tool consists of a metal platen coated with a layer of polishing pitch whereby pitch is a highly viscoelastic material. In polish…
In this thesis we consider three topics: the Penrose inequality (PI), polymer corrected gravitational collapse, and zero mode excitations in a RandallSundrum-2 (RS2) cosmological braneworld model. In chapter 2, we attempt to construct a counterexample to the PI using prolate sph…
The interaction of uranium dioxide (UO2 ) with environmental elements occurs at its exposed surface and a fundamental understanding of this interaction process begins at the atomic scale. In this regard, atomic scale modeling of the properties of clean and adsorbate-covered uran…
This thesis has two parts with different topics in particle physics. In part I, we consider various linear sigma models and their applications to scalar mesons. It is shown that the tree amplitude for ππ scattering in the minimal linear sigma model has an exact expression which …
Plutonium (Pu) metal is highly reactive toward environmental gases and corrodes at a high rate. Due to this inevitable process, containers used to store Pu-based materials may experience catastrophic failure, subsequently releasing Pu particulates into the environment. Such inte…
We show that the regularity of the gravitational metric tensor cannot be lifted from C0,1 to C1,1 by any C 1,1 coordinate transformation in a neighborhood of a point of shock wave interaction in General Relativity, without forcing the determinant of the metric tensor to vanish a…
The aim of this work is to consider the recently introduced ten dimensional Superstring theories and, by considering the low energy field theory limit, consider possible compactification schemes where the original ten dimensions split up into four observed space time dimensions …
The behavior of polarized dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a harmonic trap has been extensively studied in the mean-field approximation. Mean-field studies show that, in contrast to s-wave interacting BECs, both the mechanical and dynamical behaviors of dipolar BECs d…