This study seeks to determine whether there was a difference in the news reports by liberal and conservative newspapers up to the 2003 war with Iraq. When no weapons of mass destruction were found in Iraq, the news media was criticized for its failure to challenge the president'…
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This study examines differences between users and nonusers of information communication technologies (ICTs) within the pre-incident planning processes for domestic terrorist movements operating within the United States. In addition, this study is the first quantitative explorati…
The use of Web sites by terrorist groups has been evident since the mid 1990s. Security experts and researchers have identified terror-related Internet activity as a growing area of concern, especially following the attacks of September 11, 2001. Terrorist groups using the Inter…
Deterrence theory predicts that an attack can be prevented if a defender communicates a clear, costly, and credible retaliatory threat that persuades an opponent that the costs of the attack outweigh possible benefits. While deterrence has received detailed treatment in inter-st…
This study marks the first attempt in Western scholarship to analyze the evolution of Al-Qaeda affiliated terrorist groups’ and the Islamic State’s online branding in the Russian Federation, trying to explain how radicals’ sporadic activities have been transformed into recogniza…