In mammals the distribution of males is thought to be dependent on their ability to monopolize access to reproductive females. When females live in groups that are defensible, one adult male is expected to be able to monopolize groups of small size, whereas multiple males are ex…
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In rodents, though ovulation is spontaneous, vaginocervical stimulation (VCS) is required for the induction of the neuroendocrine reflex (NER) that supports pregnancy, or in the case of sterile mating, pseudopregnancy. Rodents have species-specific mating stimulation requirement…
Mating behavior in the male Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is dependent on chemosensory cues and gonadal steroids, and the limbic system pathways important for processing these two signals have been identified. In the experiments described in this dissertation, I have uti…
Evolutionary theory predicts that male parental care in mammals will be rare. However, siamang males are reported to provide extensive care for infants. Infant care patterns in wild siamangs have not been described in detail, and the function of male care is unknown. This disser…
Cooperation between animals seems counter to natural selection, as we must explain why one animal helps another at an apparent cost to itself. Cooperation between males represents even more of an evolutionary puzzle since sexual selection theory predicts males should compete vig…
Animal mating systems are often characterized by intense competition for mates and resources. Despite how common this conflict is, mating systems exist in which some adult males of breeding age seem to not participate. These apathetic males may be exhibiting alternative reproduc…
The genetic control of allozyme variants in Pinus merkusii Jungh. & De Vriese was studied. Using the established allozyme gene markers, pollen contamination, mating system, and genetic diversity parameters were estimated in a P. merkusii seedling seed orchard complex in East Jav…