The principal aim of this project is to examine posture and muscle activity when using an ergonomically designed saddle seat compared with a conventional seat during common dental procedures with the dental students and practising dentists. The study was conducted with practisin…
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Cycling is increasing in popularity which is accompanied with a higher rate of injuries sustained due to collisions, crashes or falls. A high proportion of these events happen when the bicycle rider loses control of the bicycle. In order to improve bicycle rider control, the ski…
The ability to quantify kinematic parameters of the knee is crucial in understanding normal biomechanics, recognising the presence of pathology and its severity, planning treatment and evaluation of outcomes. Current methods of quantifying lower limb kinematics remain limited in…
Skeletal muscle tissue demonstrates a remarkable malleability and can adjust its metabolic and contractile makeup in response to alterations in functional demands. As a result, great diversity exists in muscle physiology, biochemistry and energy metabolism, all of which are unde…
Perhexiline is an anti-anginal drug that is thought to shift myocardial metabolism from \(β\)-oxidation of fatty acids to glucose utilisation. An associated improvement in energy efficiency may be beneficial in ischaemia-reperfusion as an adjunct to established techniques for my…
Phosphoinositides are lipid signals that control cellular processes and are particularly closely associated with the control of membrane trafficking. PtdIns(3,5) \(\char{cmmi10}{0x50}\)\(_2\) is the most recently identified phosphoinositide and was previously recognised as contr…
The introduction of electron capture dissociation mass spectrometry in 1998 has provided a unique technique for the analysis of peptides and proteins, especially for the identification and localisation of posttranslational modifications. Despite many successes debate continues o…
In obesity, lipids stored in muscle as lipid droplets (LDs) lead to accumulation of fatty acid (FA) metabolites and insulin resistance. This research involves development of immunofluorescence microscopy methods to generate novel information on the subcellular content and distri…
The work described in this thesis concerns the synthesis, DNA binding and cytotoxicity studies of new Rh(III) supramolecular complexes. Chapter 1 reviews DNA molecular recognition by synthetic agents; exploring the different DNA binding modes and their importance in the anticanc…
Homocysteine is an amino acid formed by the metabolism of methionine. Increased plasma homocysteine concentrations are associated with cardiovascular disease, and it has been suggested that homocysteine lowering therapy may reduce cardiovascular risk. Plasma homocysteine measure…
How a stimulus, such as an odour, is represented in the brain is one of the main questions in neuroscience. It is becoming clearer that information is encoded by a population of neurons, but, how the spiking activity of a population of neurons conveys this information is unknown…
In this thesis, the design, fabrication and characterisation of a bio-inspired microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based tactile sensor array is presented. A vast amount of research has been carried out in the area of tactile sensing and various transduction methods have been …
How do we know where objects are in the environment and how do we use this information to guide our actions? Recovering the three-dimensional (3D) structure of our surroundings from the two-dimensional retinal input received from the eyes is a computationally challenging task an…
Articular cartilage can be damaged directly through injury or osteoarthritis (OA). This tissue is very poor at regenerating itself due to its avascular nature and the immobility of chondrocytes within the tissue. There are a range of surgical techniques to repair cartilage lesio…
Characterisation and identification of brown adipose tissue on positron-emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging Since the first published description of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in 1551 its reputation has changed from that of a mere curiosity of little physiological…
The morphology and function of the lumbar region is poorly understood. Better understanding of lumbar regional anatomy may enable improved understanding of lumbar stability and may also improve the clinical management of low back pain. Extensive researches have been carried out …
Visual surveillance finds increasing deployment for monitoring urban environments. Operators need to be able to determine identity from surveillance images and often use face recognition for this purpose. Unfortunately, the quality of the recorded imagery can be insufficient for…
The control of balance and orientation comprises various forms of sensory input, reflexive action and anticipatory mechanisms. An important sensory input is the vestibular system. When a destabilising or disorientating perturbation is sensed by the vestibular apparatus a correct…