Cannabinoids show potential as new treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),exerting several favourable effects in the gut, including anti-inflammatory and antimotilityeffects. The main difficulty with cannabinoids is their psychotropic side effects,but access to the brai…
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Abstract During the course of the studies outlined in this thesis, a new approach for the synthesis of the tropane alkaloid, (±)-physoperuvine has been developed using a highly efficient one-pot tandem process which involved the Overman rearrangement and a ring closing metathesi…
The interest in the development of anticancer metal complexes for cancer therapy is growing spurred by the encouraging successful stories of platinum drugs. Osmium arene chlorido complexes had been found to show anticancer activity in vitro. In this thesis, the osmium arene iodi…
The PhD project is about the Regulation of vascular tone by endothelium. It involves studying the effects of methylated arginine analogues such as monomethyl arginine (L-NMMA) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) on nitric oxide (NO) activity in rat aorta using organ baths con…
The kinesins are a class of microtubule based motor proteins which have extensive involvement in the orchestration of the mechanics of mitosis. The most studied of these is the kinesin spindle protein Eg5, which is crucially involved in the establishment of the bipolar spindle i…
This thesis describes the research carried out by the author on the exploitation of acoustic emissions detected during extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (a non-invasive procedure for the treatment of urinary stones) to develop a new diagnostic system. The work formed part of …
Loss of upper-limb function is a problem following stroke. Recent research has led to the emergence of new treatments but progress is hampered by lack of reliable objective measures of impairment, and understanding of the underlying impairment mechanisms associated with loss and…
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is the commonest inflammatory polyarthritis in the UK, and is associated with significant symptoms, disability and premature mortality. Treatment options in 1980 were restricted to corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and a small numb…
In the treatment of pre-menopausal women with oestrogen positive (ER+) breast cancer, tamoxifen represents a first line of adjuvant treatment with demonstrable benefits. Despite this, resistance is frequently acquired to tamoxifen with an associated poor prognosis. Breast cancer…
This thesis considers the role of individual members and groups of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in the development of therapeutic communities and other types of therapy that consider social environments. The thesis focuses on the history of one specific therapeutic…
This thesis contrasts vaccine innovation efforts in the cases of poliomyelitis and HIV/AIDS. It addresses the question of why some fields of human endeavour can be seen to yield positive change more quickly than others. The thesis develops a perspective that views innovation as …
Chemotaxonomy is the classification of plants and microorganisms based on similarities and differences in their natural products and the biochemical pathways involved in their manufacture. The classification and identification of L rhinocerus, a medicinal fungus, for this resear…
Immunological disorders, including those of an autoimmune nature, cause chronic morbidity and disability. These conditions are not well controlled with current therapies and issues, including the lack of specificity of action, lead to a number of adverse drug effects. Thus the s…
This thesis is based on a critical re-appraisal of Richard Titmuss' classic formulation of gift relationships, which has long been a point of reference for thinking about blood donation in Britain. It argues that Titmuss' interest in the intersections of social systems and healt…
Dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations are usually comprised of a mixture of micronised active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with aerodynamic diameter 1-5 m to allow deposition in the lower airways, and a coarse (~70 micron) excipient, typically \(α\)-lactose monohydrate, used …
Tamoxifen is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for early disease and/or pre-menopausal patients with breast cancer (BC); although many women go on to develop resistance. Currently the five-year survival rate following Tamoxifen resistance (TR) is < 20%; hence the mechani…
The contribution of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in the response of human sperm to progesterone, a steroid secreted from the cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte, has not yet been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of SOCE proteins in human …
Cancer is a major medical problem and a leading cause of mortality in the UK. The experience of diagnosis and treatment can be a traumatic one for many people, with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) common for many patients. Despite this, …