A study of the °ow around airfoils at low-Reynolds numbers has been performed, by a combination of direct numerical simulation (DNS) and linear stability analy- sis. The behaviour of laminar separation bubbles formed on a NACA-0012 airfoil at Rec = 5 £ 104 and incidence 5± is in…
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TiNi shape memory alloy has been recently investigated for use in micro actuators because of the high power to volume ratio. Conventional sputtering methods, such as RF and DC sputtering and magnetron sputtering, have previously been used by other workers in order to deposit TiN…
The object of this Ph.D work is to evaluate fidelity in surface measurements in nanometric metrology for both contact and non-contact methods, namely stylus instruments and scanning tunnelling microscopy. Fidelity is defined, in this thesis, as a measure to which an instrument s…
The thesis is submitted on the basis of papers published between April, 1974 and July, 1976 (chapters 2-8). Minor editing of the papers has been carried out for the sake of continuity of the thesis as a whole. Since each of the papers was written to be largely self-contained, ho…
Using an asymptotic series approach, a thick shell theory is proposed for doubly curved sheIls with variable thickness. This theory includes the effects of transverse shear stresses and rotatory inertia. The displacement functions are designed to give non-zero transverse shear s…
A new approach to the analysis of three-dimensional framed structures whose prismatic members are interconnected by slab floors is presented. The method is illustrated by the computer program described. The structures are restricted to those of an orthogonal nature with rigid, i…
This thesis presents a rational and unified approach for determining the strength of reinforced and prestressed concrete rectangular beams subjected to combined bending, torsion and shear. In this study failures have been classified into three broad categories: 1) yield modes (3…
The investigation reported in this thesis was prompted by the desire to develop an easy and reliable nondestructive method of testing to monitor changes in elastic properties of metals when they are subjected to creep, fatigue, and case hardening. The possibilities of the useful…
In the field of control engineering there is a need to study the dynamic behaviour of systems which are subjected to random disturbances. A technique which is of great practical use is to describe the dynamic properties as a function of frequency. This involves determining the f…
Soft clay soils in railway track can be problematic as, unless they are treated, they can result in increased deformation of track. This will inheritably mean lower track speed. A number of techniques including stone columns are available for improving strength of weak soils. Th…
Contact stylus methods remain important tools in surface roughness measurement, but as metrological capability increases there is growing need for better understanding of the complex interactions between a stylus tip and a surface. For example, questions arise about the smallest…
Many Public-Private Partnership Projects (PPPs) have failed because of risks occurring during operation and earlier studies have demonstrated a need for risk assessment and allocation methods for PPPs. Although researchers have been working in this area for years, the amount of …
This thesis presents the findings of a research study investigating the energy-absorbing characteristics of the foam sandwich cores reinforced with aluminium, steel and carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) cylindrical tubes under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. In…
Input Data Management (IDM) is a time consuming and costly process for Discrete Event Simulation (DES) projects. Input Data Management is considered as the basis of real-time process simulation (Bergmann, Stelzer and Strassburger, 2011). According to Bengtsson et al. (2009), dat…
This thesis describes the steps taken to develop normal strength (30-80 MPa) selfcompacting concrete mixes with 20mm maximum size aggregate. For the selfcompacting concrete mixes with 20mm maximum size of aggregate fulfilment of the flow and cohesiveness criteria are found insuf…
Residual stress is a self-balanced internal stress generated in the metal component when it is loaded beyond the elastic plateau and then unloaded. The existence of residual stress will be superimposed onto the external loadings to affect the stiffness and load resistance capaci…
The research described in this thesis proposes a new,novel evaluation ‘framework’ and accompanying operational ‘model’, the ‘SUURE’ (Sustainable Underground Use Resilience Evaluation) ‘framework’, which adopts a socio-ecological systems (SES) approach to evaluation, combining su…
We develop, validate, and apply an efficient multiscale method for the simulation of a large class of low-speed internal rarefied gas flows, which are critical to a range of future technologies. The method is based on an existing multiscale approach for the simulation of small-s…
It is well recognised that there are two main options for reducing CO2 emissions from fossil-fuelled power generation, namely, improvement of energy efficiency and Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). Efficient power generation leads to lower fuel consumption, in turn, lower CO2 em…