Morphology, cytoskeleton organisation and nuclear states are important biomarkers to characterise and modulate cell behaviours. Bilateral interactions between cells and their surroundings are critical aspects of biology, evidenced by the role of extracellular environment mechani…
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The adjoint method in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) made shape optimisation affordable. However, the typical cost of the process is still at least an order of magnitude higher than obtaining a ow solution only. In this work, the author presents methods that help to further …
The degradation of polyester coatings of three different formulations on steel substrates were critically analysed using photo-acoustic fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (PA-FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), focussed ion beam (FIB) a…