Photovoltaics are at the forefront of new additions of renewable energy, driven by rapid integration of new technologies most significantly a transition from traditional Al-BSF to higher efficiency PERC silicon cells. As they are a more modern technology, PERC cells do not have …
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The lungs are an attractive route for drug delivery due to their high epithelial surface area available for absorption, a thin epithelium and extensive vasculature to name a few. Accordingly, a vast number of small molecule drugs, peptides, and proteins have been used to investi…
A combined analytical and experimental work is described to demonstrate the application of Laser Ultrasonic techniques for monitoring long term performance (Durability) of thick-section Pultruded FRP composites. Damage is induced in the material using both environmental and mech…
In analyzing the reliability of a product, the quantity of interest is usually the time-to-failure. However, many products may degrade before failure, and it is possible to record the actual degradation on units as a function of time. The time-to-failure will be defined as the t…
Landfarming is one of the disposal methods used by oil companies to dispose of their generated oily sludge. Once in the soil, the sludge is subjected to biodegradation, leaching, and volatilization. Field studies were conducted in an arid region such as Saudi Arabia, the largest…
The degradation of polyester coatings of three different formulations on steel substrates were critically analysed using photo-acoustic fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (PA-FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), focussed ion beam (FIB) a…
The focus of this study was analytical investigations of Egyptian paintings, mainly Coptic icons and Islamic wooden ceilings, dating from 1300-1900 using multi-instrumental techniques. Twenty three Coptic icons and three wooden ceilings dated from different periods and painted b…
Reinforced concrete is an important material in the building industry but its durability is limited mainly due to corrosion of the steel reinforcement. In almost all cases, degradation of concrete is ultimately related to the presence of water and the transport of dissolved ions…
Perovskite solar cell (PSC) is one of the most promising next-generation photovoltaic technologies that can provide low-cost, alternative renewable energy. The main hindrances to the deployment of PSC panels are instability issues. Deterioration in the power conversion efficienc…
The scaling trends in CMOS technology and operating conditions give rise to serious degradation mechanisms such as Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) and Hot Carrier Injection (HCI) in MOSFETs, threatening the circuit and product lifetimes. The aging phenomena, on top …
The soudano-sahelian region is undergoing profound transformations that affect particularly the strategic sector of farming which is experiencing several social and territorial changes. The lack of knowledge about these transformations is a major obstacle for implementation of s…
Pipelines are susceptible to degradation over the span of their service life. Corrosion is one of the most common degradation mechanisms, but other critical mechanisms such as fatigue and creep should not be overlooked. The rate of degradation is influenced by many factors, such…
Durability of the composite materials in marine environments has been investigated experimentally and with analytical and numerical methods. The main focus of this study is on the integrity of the fiber/matrix interface under seawater exposure. A single-fiber compression test sp…
In this dissertation, we discussed the shape, energy level and density of defects in Organic Photovoltaic devices(OPV) by both theoretical and experimental methods. Energy band structure and intrinsic junctions of general standard and inverted OPV devices are investigated in det…
Development stages of the Erbil Basin are poorly understood and the sustainable use of groundwater in the basin is uncertain. This study characterizes water sustainability and its significance through demonstrating the overexploitation and deficit rates of the groundwater supply…
Over the past decade, the occurrence and removal of emerging contaminants in the environment has received much attention. Both natural and synthetic progestogens, which are hormones, and also benzotriazoles are two examples of such emerging contaminants. Sewage treatment works a…