The Upper Ordovician (Katian, Richmondian) Waynesville-Liberty Formations are an important interval in geologic history. The Upper Ordovician, Katian, superbly exposed in the Cincinnati Arch records the transition stage between the rapid biological diversification initiated in t…
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Variable mixtures of CO 2 ice, H 2 O ice, and dust in volatile exposures at the south pole of Mars influence interactions with the atmosphere that drive their formation, evolution, and eventual preservation as long-term climate records. However, ice composition in the south pola…
The Wind River, Fort Union, and Lance Formations are oil and gas producing in the Wind River Basin of central Wyoming. The Waltman Shale forms a regional confining zone in the central portion of the basin isolating the Lower Fort Union and Lance Formations from the Upper Fort Un…
As major conduits for both water and sediment, rivers are responsible for shaping much of Earth's surface. The river morphology we observe today is result of complex interaction between geology, tectonics, climate, and erosion over time, an evolution that is recorded in sediment…
A Faixa Piritosa Ibérica é uma das províncias metalogenéticas mundiais mais estudadas e a sua prospecção e exploração extensivamente documentadas. Mesmo após mais de 5000 anos de contínua exploração mineira, as reservas demonstradas continuam excepcionalmente altas, embora confi…
As the most robust accessory mineral, both physically and chemically, zircon can preserve valuable geochemical information of the melt that it crystallized from, which makes it an extremely powerful tool to investigate the nature of the first 500 Ma of Earth’s history. Zircon is…
Magma systems within the shallow crust drive volcanic processes at the surface. Studying active magma systems directly poses significant difficulty but details of ancient magma systems can provide insight to modern systems. The ancient intrusions now exposed in the Henry Mountai…
Previous thermal history models have supported Miocene aged rift initiation in northern Malawi Rift without the thermal history of southern Malawi Rift (which is believed to have initiated at a later time) and its interactions with the relic of an older rift system along the Shi…
The Nile crocodile Crocodylus niloticus currently has an extensive range throughout the African continent and Madagascar, though fossil and subfossil remains show that its historic range was considerably larger and included parts of the Sahara Desert, Mediterranean coast, and Ar…
Geophysical signatures of volcano-hosted geothermal systems in Indonesia are compiled and synthesized. Parameters include electrical resistivity, seismicity, downhole logging, and pressure/temperature data; temperature and pressure states of systems are simulated through numeric…
Many fundamental concepts of rifting have been influenced by observation made in the Gulf of Suez as a result of detailed structural and sedimentological studies. Although the three-dimensional structural geometry of the rift is well understood, the timing of faulting, the natur…
The first paper presented in this dissertation attempts to examine the igneous history of the younger suite of Harohalli alkaline dykes intruding the Dharwar craton in southern India providing robust constraints on the age of the Harohalli alkaline dyke swarm paleomagnetic pole …
The geochemical composition of thirty two (32) oil samples in the Central Sumatra Basin (CSB) were determined by gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC IR-MS). The carefully se…
Scope and Method of Study: Magnetotelluric and gravity surveys were conducted across the Wadi Kobbania in the Western Desert north of Aswan, Egypt. The Wadi Kobbania has been interpreted as the downstream continuation of the Wadi Abu Subeira, comprising an ancient western and no…
Nakwai is a fossiliferous region in the Turkana Basin of northwestern Kenya. Until recently the only ages for the Nakwai formation were based on biostratigraphic correlation with Losodok; a late Oligocene site located to the north of Nakwai. The new 40 Ar/39 Ar ages in this stud…
The geochemistry of naturally occurring arsenic (As) has been investigated in the surface waters and ground waters of the shallow alluvial aquifers of the Humboldt River Basin (HRB) in northern Nevada using laboratory experiments, geochemical reaction path modeling, and statisti…
Mineral dust and aerosols can directly and indirectly influence shortwave and longwave radiative forcing. In addition, it can cause health hazards, loss of agricultural soil, and safety hazards to aviation and motorists due to reduced visibility. Previous work utilized satellite…
Historical records suggest that the coastlines of the British Virgin Islands (BVI) and the Sultanate of Oman have been subjected to catastrophic storm and tsunami events throughout recorded history. In 1945, a 7.8 magnitude earthquake ∼100 km south of Karachi, Pakistan generated…
I investigated rifts in multiple stages of their formation, from the failed Mid-Continent Rift (MCR), to the active Red Sea Rift. Each rifting stage presents its own challenges but by studying each stage individually I have gained insight into the rifting process. The MCR, an an…