The identification of primary climate controls and their utilization in developing statistical models for precipitation forecast in northern Nigeria is the main goal of this research. The input consists of time series of seven ocean-atmospheric variables with 34 years of data, n…
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Tornadoes are as common in central Bangladesh as in the central United States. However, Bangladesh is much more vulnerable to tornadoes than the U.S. There were multiple tornado outbreaks that killed hundreds of people. Factors which increase the number of deaths include: a high…
The variability of East Asian pressure surges is diagnosed using objective methods. The dominant timescales associated with pressure surges are found to be between 2 and 30 days (submonthly). East Asian pressure surges are characterized by southward propagating positive pressure…
Agro-climatological study of four states in the Savannah Middle Belt of Nigeria have been carried using 62 stations. Daily rainfall data of these stations, with at least 10 years of record from 1916-1990, were obtained from the Climate Change Center of the Federal University of …
Carbon monoxide (CO), one of the most important prevalent trace gases in the troposphere, controls the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere. In this project, whole air samples were collected quarterly (March, June, September and December) in the remote Pacific basin during 1995–…
This study investigates the space-time evolution of the dominant modes that constitute the Asian summer monsoon (ASM), and, as an ultimate goal, the climate prediction of the ASM rainfall. Precipitation and other synoptic variables during the prominent life cycle of the ASM (May…
The goal of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of climate to changes in the area and location of surface waters (lakes and wetlands). A model (SWAM) is developed to predict surface water area and river transport globally. SWAM is based on a linear reservoir hydrologic …
Indian Ocean SST and precipitation in the littoral regions of the Indian Ocean are examined with the aim of assessing predictability of precipitation in regions with critical socio-economic impact. Empirical relationships are found to varying degrees and with differing degrees o…
This thesis characterizes the mass and chemical composition of the fine particle air pollution over several cities in South Asia and quantifies how major sources impact the observed levels by using Chemical Mass Balance modeling with organic compounds as tracers. During February…
Dust/sand storms are serious hazards to human activities in Saudi Arabia. Visibility is greatly reduced for aviation operators, and the abrasive effects are very discomforting to personnel and detrimental to structures and equipment. The orientation of the Arabian Peninsula and …
The so-called east-west cells of the global tropics observed by Madden and Julian were documented within the context of the Community Climate Model. There was a substantial agreement between observations and the simulated east-west cells. A comparison of a no-mountain experiment…
The research described in this dissertation is predicted on the hypothesis that remotely sensed information on vegetation cover classes can be used to improve the representation of heterogeneous continental surfaces in global climate models. The problem it addressed was that cur…
In this work we studied trace element concentrations in four types of environmental samples. In the first part two types of applications of hair trace element analysis were studied: hair as a monitor for environmental exposure to heavy elements and age-related variations in hair…
Scientific communities have been working in creating and enhancing scientific research programs in which in situ and satellite data as well as remote sensing (RS) technologies are being applied to regional environmental issues. These issues include the effects of climate change …
Most recent automated methods for detecting and tracking cyclones suffer mainly from spatio-temporal inhomogeneities. To overcome these weaknesses, a new approach was developed to construct a hybrid space- and time-smoothed surface Cyclone track Density Function (CDF) over the N…
An experiment was designed, assembled and carried out at the Hada Al-Sham Experimental station in the dry western part of Saudi Arabia, to procure dew duration data at two different heights in a corn canopy, from the time of emergence (average plant heights about 30 cm) until ha…
The mid-tropospheric geopotential height patterns and anomalies associated with temperature and precipitation departures from normal in Saudi Arabia were investigated. The mid-tropospheric teleconnection patterns affecting Saudi Arabia and the effect of ENSO's teleconnection on …
Rainfall data was obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Water in Saudi Arabia for 28 stations. It was then tabulated and analysed using the computer program Gumbel 2 in order to obtain the intensity/duration/frequency curves representing 9 operational regions of the king…
General meteorological circulation patterns of the Arabian Peninsula and Gulf Region (APGR) are known, however the characteristics of individual events are not well understood. The current distribution of weather stations in the APGR, as well as the lack of stations over large a…