Inductive and model-tree (MT) approach-based models are developed and evaluated for forecasting mean, minimum and maximum monthly temperature in this study. The models are developed and tested using long-term historical temperature time series data derived from U.S. Historical C…
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The ocean-atmosphere coupling can play a role in initiating and sustaining the Madden-Julian Oscillations (MJOs), which are the major intraseasonal oscillations in the atmosphere. In this thesis, the oceanic influence on MJOs is studied with reanalysis products, numerical models…
Determining river discharge is of critical importance to many societies as they struggle with fresh water supply and risk of flooding. In Bangladesh, floods occur almost every year but with sufficient irregularity to have adverse social and economical consequences. Important goa…
This work makes use of newly available, high-resolution, quantitative sea surface temperature (SST) records to make the first detailed inter-comparison of the temperature histories of different areas of the tropical ocean over the course of Plio-Pleistocene climate evolution. Th…
Kuwait sea surface temperature (SST) and water clarity are important water characteristics that influence the entire Kuwait coastal ecosystem. The spatial and temporal distributions of these important water characteristics should be well understood to obtain a better knowledge a…
The late Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs have been characterized by a series of climate cycles generally referred to as ice ages. The ice ages not only involved high latitude climate oscillations as this designation implies, but also variability in low latitude tropical climate.…
The role of the Indian and Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the intraseasonal and interannual variability of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall is examined by performing a set of regionally coupled experiments with the Climate Forecast System (CFS), the lates…
Paleoclimate records suggest significant multi-centennial climate variability during the past two millennia, the Common Era (CE), despite the apparently small changes in external forcings. Proxy records suggest that the Northern hemisphere (NH) was about 0.8°C cooler during the …
Sea surface temperature (SST) is a crucial quantity for interpreting past climate variations, yet reconstructing historical SSTs from ship-based measurements is challenging because of varying biases that are on the order 0.1°C to 1°C. Whereas SST biases are complicated and can a…