The STUW, a component of the Central Waters, is an upper thermocline water mass present in the subtropics and tropics. It is distinguished as a vertical salinity maximum below the mixed layer. The STUW is formed by subduction within the subtropical gyres, where Ekman convergence…
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This series of experiments was designed to examine a variety of carbon-related processes in the cosmopolitan coccolithophore species Emiliania huxleyi, including photosynthesis, calcification, coccolith biomass, size, integrity, production, and detachment rates. Separate experim…
Dynamite or “blast” fishing, in which homemade bombs are illegally detonated over coral reefs, threatens many reef ecosystems in Southeast Asia. This research investigated several ecological factors that affect hard coral (Coelenterata: Scleractinia) recovery after disturbance b…
A spherical coordinate nonorthogonal, contravariant formulation, three-dimensional boundary-fitted circulation model has been developed, tested, and applied to the Providence River. The model employs a split mode technique in which the governing equations are divided into an ext…
The Earth's largest atmospheric convective center is the Indonesian Low. It generates the Australasian monsoon, drives the zonal tropospheric Walker Circulation, and is implicated in the genesis of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The long-term variability of the Indones…
Owing to a unique haloclinic density stratification at about 300m and to high velocity carbonates on the seafloor bottom, Red Sea seismic commonly suffers from the resultant effects of guided and head waves which can in many cases be generally unrecognized. The danger arises bot…
Deep ocean benthic foraminiferal assemblages were analyzed for a quantitative relationship to surface ocean biological productivity. This analysis is based on the response of benthic foraminiferal assemblages to the surface ocean biological productivity for a global data set. Tw…
As coral reef ecosystems throughout the developing world continue to decline under the impact of marine pollution, there is an urgent need for efficient, inexpensive means of monitoring reef "health" that can be easily taught to local participants. Bioindicator organisms provide…
This thesis presents observations from the Bosphorus (Strait of Istanbul), Turkey, made to study the effects of mixing, entrainment and frictionally induced shear on the dynamics of an exchange flow. The well known two-layer structure with an upper layer of brackish Black Sea wa…
A primitive equation baroclinic circulation model has been configured for use in the North Indian Ocean. This model provides an additional tool for use in improving our understanding of dynamical and thermodynamic processes in this region. After a spin-up period using climatolog…
Photosynthetic bacteria--Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus--are important components of phytoplankton biomass and primary production in the most warm open ocean. To determine the relative importance of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus to primary production in various oceanic ec…
Within the context of global carbon cycles, knowledge of phytoplankton community structure is essential for understanding and predicting the transport of carbon from surface waters to the deep ocean. From a combination of flow cytometric analyses and image-enhanced microscopy, t…
The effect of denitrification within continental margin sediments and suboxic water columns upon the isotopic composition of dissolved nitrogen was studied with the goal of constraining the present and past global oceanic "fixed" (forms other than N\sb2) nitrogen budgets. Sedime…
The so-called east-west cells of the global tropics observed by Madden and Julian were documented within the context of the Community Climate Model. There was a substantial agreement between observations and the simulated east-west cells. A comparison of a no-mountain experiment…
Five chapters of a novel-in-progress (titled "What Is Known"); one essay (titled "And Yet"); and one short story (titled "A Satisfying View").
Forecasting the Nile River flow is of vital interest for African nations such as Sudan and Egypt. These nations use the Nile's water for agriculture and hydropower. An accurate forecast of water availability would be beneficial for efficient management of water resources facilit…
Most recent automated methods for detecting and tracking cyclones suffer mainly from spatio-temporal inhomogeneities. To overcome these weaknesses, a new approach was developed to construct a hybrid space- and time-smoothed surface Cyclone track Density Function (CDF) over the N…
Analyses of concentration, and absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy of the dissolved organic carbon were performed on waters collected during cruises to the West Florida Shelf (WFS), eastern Caribbean, and the Arabian Sea. The cruise to the WFS was designed to measure the ef…
The purpose of this study is to compare the toxicity of Chemically Enhanced Water Accommodated Fractions (CE-WAF) with Physically Enhanced Water Accommodated Fractions (PE-WAF) of weathered Arabian Light crude oil. The chemical dispersant used in this study is Corexit 9500. In t…