The goal of my dissertation has been to test hypotheses for the origins of high-latitud eclimatic warmth and the subsequent global cooling in the middle Miocene, aimed primarily at understanding the oceanographic evolution of the Pacific realm. I attempted to constrain the exten…
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This study presents a descriptive and comparative analysis of the late Miocene mammalian fauna from the Middle Awash, Ethiopia. The Middle Awash has yielded fossils spanning the last six million years. Although vertebrate fossils have been collected from the late Miocene sites a…
Oligocene-Miocene strata of East Java are characterized by mixed carbonate and siliciclastic sediments. Factors such as local and regional tectonics, sea level variations, paleogeography and weathering of landmass had influenced the stratigraphic and sedimentologic evolution of …
Changes in carbon dioxide concentration and/or ocean circulation are generally invoked to explain both equable early Miocene climates and subsequent rapid East Antarctic ice sheet (EAIS) expansion in the middle Miocene. However, pCO\sb2 trends and absolute magnitudes must be inf…
There has been considerable disagreement as to the phylogenetic position of the early Miocene proconsulids, a group of fossil catarrhine primates from east Africa and Saudi Arabia that is generally considered to be near the ancestry of the superfamily Hominoidea. Detailed studie…
The purpose of this investigation is to determine the preferred habitats of Sivapithecus and whether changes in habitat or climate may have led to its extinction. This research incorporates both dental microwear and carbon and oxygen stable isotopic analyses from a wide range of…
The fossil snake record of the Siwalik Group (Miocene), Pakistan, was examined to determine responses in diversity, ecology, and phyletic history to known environmental change. The Siwalik Group includes a rich fossil record of snake vertebrae spanning a temporal interval of 18–…
The Neogene Siwalik Group in the Mahesian and Rohtas areas of northern Pakistan, was studied in order to reconstruct the evolution of depositional environments and the controls on this evolution. The major sandstone bodies are composed of storeys, stacked both vertically and lat…
The tectonic opening and closing of ocean gateways played a key role in global climate change during the Cenozoic. Although changes in these gateways affected ocean circulation and heat transport, many of their paleoceanographic effects are still unknown. This dissertation exami…
My thesis work investigates the evolutionary history of Bovidae (antelope, sheep, and oxen), with a focus specifically on Bovinae, the clade comprising Bovini (oxen and buffaloes), Tragelaphini (spiral-horned antelopes), and Boselaphini (nilgai, chousinga, and fossil relatives).…
Fossiliferous dark shales within a 22 Ma volcanic crater in the Mush Valley, Ethiopia, record a diverse flora and mark the beginning of the Miocene Epoch in Africa, just after the collision of Africa and Asia. Vertebrate remains include rare fish, turtles, crocodilians and mamma…
Quantitative studies of benthic foraminifera and stable isotope from 4 DSDP/ODP holes (552A, 608, 547A, 646B in the North Atlantic Ocean), and one inland borehole (Sale Briquetterie, Morocco) have been conducted to determine the deep-water circulation in the North Atlantic and i…