In the context of the SERVIR-Africa project, the SERVIR Arizona Team is developing streamflow forecast systems on African basins using Satellite Precipitation Products (SPP) to drive the models. These products have errors that need to be addressed before using them to drive hydr…
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The accurate estimation of the postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the most important determinations in a forensic investigation of decomposing human remains. Forensic entomology has gained popularity in death investigation due to its reliability and precision in the estimation …
The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) river basins exhibit extremes in surface water availability at seasonal to annual timescales. However, due to lack of near basin-wide hydrological data, whether it is real-time or historical, water management at the basin-wide scale has been q…
Agro-climatological study of four states in the Savannah Middle Belt of Nigeria have been carried using 62 stations. Daily rainfall data of these stations, with at least 10 years of record from 1916-1990, were obtained from the Climate Change Center of the Federal University of …
Indian Ocean SST and precipitation in the littoral regions of the Indian Ocean are examined with the aim of assessing predictability of precipitation in regions with critical socio-economic impact. Empirical relationships are found to varying degrees and with differing degrees o…
The candidate conducted operational research, in collaboration with the Vector-Borne Diseases Control Program (VBDCP), Kelantan, Malaysia, to analyze determinants of malaria incidence at different geographic scales: the state (inter-annual and intra-annual rainfall, and other se…
This thesis studies rain caused signal attenuation at 26 GHz and 32 GHz millimeter bands through concurrent rain rate and rain attenuation measurements. It is a collaboration project between Japan Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan Radio Corpora…
Scope and methods of study. (1) Scale effects on phosphorus (P) loss and runoff depth from pastures were investigated by summarizing water quality data from 19 research projects. Spatial (area) and temporal (days after litter application) scales ranged from 0.5 to 80000 m2 and 1…
Agricultural practice in Bangladesh is largely dependent on the monsoonal rainfall. Historical data show that Bangladesh experienced severe droughts and floods during monsoon months. Crop losses were reported under both of these extreme conditions. Intra-seasonal monsoonal rainf…
The dominant habitat-type of Omo National Park (ONP), Ethiopia, is grassland. This grassland supports a variety of wild herbivores and indigenous people; the latter hunt large herbivores for subsistence or graze their domestic livestock in the Park. Therefore, an understanding o…
Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) have a large influence on the weather over the central United States during the warm season by generating essential rainfall and severe weather. To gain insight into the predictability of these systems, the precursor environment of several hun…
Acute respiratory infections (ARI) cause a substantial amount of morbidity and mortality among children and are the leading cause of death worldwide in children <5 years of age. A variety of environmental factors may be contributing to a child's risk of ARI and the more severe s…
Each year, rain induced slope failures cause significant damages in highway infrastructures and environments, as well as tragic losses of human lives around the world. Rainfall-induced slope failure is a common problem in areas with slope constructed on high plasticity clays. Th…
This thesis develops two statistical models to predict Ganges river discharge at Hardinge Bridge in Bangladesh near India/Bangladesh border using only the previous local flow and upstream rainfall. Current operational flood forecasting in Bangladesh provides no more than 3-day l…
This study examines the impact of anomalous differential generation of available potential energy by absorbing aerosols on the transition and early active phases of the south Asian summer monsoon. Aerosol direct and indirect effects represent radiative forcings which can modify …
In the recent past, there are indications of changes in the surface air temperature, extreme weather events, snow and Indian summer monsoon. This thesis analyses the above weather phenomena based on observed data and climate model simulations for the present as well as the near …
In the stochastic hydrology literature, suitable time series modelling approaches have been developed for modelling daily streamflow. However, problems arise with this approach if changes are occurring to the precipitation regime generating the historic streamflow data, or if la…
Knowledge concerning various aspects of drought and water scarcity is required to predict, and to articulate strategies to minimize the effects of future events. This thesis investigated different aspects of droughts and rainfall variability at several time scales and described …
This dissertation is composed of six separate papers linked by a common purpose: to investigate the physical mechanisms associated with the climate variability over western and eastern Africa. This study is carried out on both monthly and seasonal time-scales. In Chapter 2, the …