This dissertation consists of two major parts: Firstly, experimental investigation of four major shale softening mechanisms and quantifications of structural parameters. Secondly, numerical simulations of nano-scale flow behaviors using the previous experiments determined parame…
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Porphyry and high sulfidation epithermal ore-forming systems are genetically associated with calc-alkaline volcanism in subduction zones, and where erosion has not been too deep, the volcanic rocks are still commonly exposed in close proximity to the deposits. Most models for po…
Laboratory rock testing plays a key role in temporary rock mechanics both for rock classification and for engineering application. In the oil industry high quality rock property data are essential for a wide range of applications such as wellbore stability, hydraulic fracturing,…
The issue of granite petrogenesis plays a key role in our overall understanding of the growth and differentiation of continents, as well as in our ability to unravel the tectonic histories of orogenic belts. Granites are ubiquitous magmatic products found in almost all tectonic …
This dissertation combines volcanological research of three convergent continental margins. Chapters 1 and 5 are general introductions and conclusions, respectively. Chapter 2 examines the spatiotemporal development of the Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex in the Lípez region of s…
Understanding crystallisation in magma chambers is a key challenge for igneous petrology. It is particularly important to understand the origins of layering in peralkaline rocks, e.g. the kakortokite (nepheline syenite), Ilímaussaq Complex, S. Greenland, as these are commonly as…
The Laurentine Shore is the Imperial Roman palaeo-shoreline preserved up to 1km inland of the southern, distal edge of the Tiber Delta coastline of Lazio, western Central Italy. The progradation of the delta is recorded on the site as a series of shore-parallel relict dune ridge…
This dissertation presents new geochemical data investigating the origin of the chemically dissimilar Kenya and Afar mantle plumes and the contributions of these plumes to volcanism beneath Ethiopia. This study focuses primarily on mafic lavas from three localities on the poorly…
This thesis covers two separate but complimentary themes. Firstly, work on the spinel composition of the ultramafic rocks of has provided evidence that they formed as Alaskan-type intrusions. This has implications both for prospectivity and for the understanding of neoproterozoi…
The study of the interaction between rocks and residing fluids is an important field of research in hydrology, geomechanics, and energy resources. Geomechanical systems undergo deformation due to gravitational loading and plate tectonic activities. Deformation could also occur d…
As a continental rift evolves towards a mid ocean ridge, the continental lithosphere must rupture and extension must become accommodated exclusively by seafloor spreading. During this process, extensional strain is initially accommodated along the nascent rift margins, subsequen…
Three episodes of alkaline volcanism of Quaternary age have been recognized in the Kula Volcanic Province (KVP) in Western Turkey. The alkaline volcanic rocks of the KVP vary in composition from basanite to tephriphonolite and from trachybasalt to basaltic trachyandesite. Measur…
The hydrocarbon potential of the Three Forks Formation in North Dakota is poorly known due to limited stratigraphic, geochemical, and petrophysical data. This study presents a methodology and results of a reservoir characterization study of the stratigraphy, lithofacies distribu…
The research presented in this thesis employs spatial and statistical properties of major element variability in basaltic lavas and mantle residues to constrain some of the processes and dynamics occurring beneath ocean ridge magmatic systems. Ocean ridges represent a critical s…
The formation of carbonate minerals during alteration of ultramafic rocks represents a geological analogue of mineral carbon sequestration. In the Oman Ophiolite, these carbonation reactions are manifested in (1) active, on-going low-temperature systems involving meteoric water,…
The Kohistan arc in the northwestern Himalayas records a dual history of intra-oceanic and continental subduction and represents a juvenile addition to the continental crust. Within western Kohistan, the roof-zone of the Kohistan batholith has a complex tectonomagmatic history t…
The Euphrates Limestone Formation in north Iraq is encountered at depth in Jambur Field and eight cores were studied in this work. The formation is overlain by Dhiban Anhydrite Formation and underlain by the basinal Serikagni Formation. The formation was deposited in a shallow l…
The Saih Hatat area, NE Oman, is a tectonic window that exposes basement and shelf deposits structurally underlying the Semail ophiolite. High-pressure, low-temperature (high P/T) metamorphism of these deposits in Saih Hatat is evidenced by the occurrence of blueschists, eclogit…
Sandstone reservoir units prevalent in an upper slope Niger Delta oil field are commonly below seismic temporal resolution. Although conventional seismic amplitude and amplitude-variation-with-offset are good indicators of oil-filled reservoir rock in this area, they do not nece…