Background Research has shown that people need to be pre-informed about the ambiguity in order to perceive both interpretations (reverse) of an ambiguous figure. Children younger than 4 years mostly do not experience reversal even when informed. This suggests that the processes …
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Examined within the I3 ("I-cubed") theoretical framework (Finkel et al., 2012), neuropsychological measures of executive function were tested as predictors of violence in veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan within 6 months post-deployment. Substantial deficits in executive function…
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability (ID), affecting 1 out of every 691 infants. Although maladaptive behavior has been studied in individuals with DS, there are few adolescent studies, and none that examine factors predictive of maladap…
A key question in the cognitive control literature involves determining the executive functions that mediate cognitive flexibility (CF) and the brain regions that support them. Recent perspectives have offered persuasive evidence suggesting that CF may be guided by low-level ass…
Children and adults with sickle cell anemia (SCA) are at significantly increased risk for deficits in multiple domains of cognitive functioning. Hemodynamic factors have been shown to be related to cognitive deficits in this population; however, no study has assessed cerebral ox…
There is undoubtedly a complex association between early life factors and schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) which represents as schizotypal symptoms in the adolescent population. To explore this relationship, this dissertation first starts with a systematic review of early …
Childhood trauma is associated with increased instances of anxiety and depression, yet the mechanisms by which childhood trauma impacts psychopathology remains poorly understood. Cognitive inflexibility plays a significant role in the emergence and maintenance of affective pheno…
Childhood emotional abuse (EA) and attachment insecurity oftentimes co-occur and moderate and mediate relationships among psychopathology and cognitive dysfunction into adulthood. However, these phenomena are often studied independently in parallel literatures and frequently foc…
Youth with maltreatment and/or interpersonal trauma histories often demonstrate significant executive function difficulties, which may negatively affect self-regulation and represent a transdiagnostic risk factor for trauma-related psychopathology and impaired functioning across…