Purpose Throughout the years many scholars grappled with the perennially pressing question about the use of the mother tongue (MT) in the English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom. The studies, however, which venture into identifying the student voice, are rather circumscrib…
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This study examined a contemporary issue in second language (L2) learning: the use of a student's first language (L1) as part of the L2 instructional design. Specifically, this research studied if the inclusion of students' L1 in an ESL (English as a second language) class led t…
It has been noted in English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms that word identification is essential in reading comprehension. However, Arabic ESL learners exhibit a particular difficulty in word recognition (Hayes-Harb, 2006). This difficulty could be attributed to the idio…
This study investigated the relationship between reading attitudes in L1 and in L2 of learners in Pakistan. It also investigated the differences between reading attitudes of learners from different home backgrounds, rural and urban. The participants of the study had Sindhi as th…
This study examined the effects of a word processing environment on revision processes of undergraduate and graduate students in both Arabic as a first language (AFL) and English as a second language (ESL). The study was designed to integrate a variety of quantitative and qualit…