Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is an important hormonal regulator of embryonic development and postnatal growth. The IGF-I gene expression is complex, with heterogeneity of mRNA structure arising during transcription and splicing of primary RNA transcripts. The chicken has…
Whole broilers exposed to a radiant wall (RW) at 649°C, for 0, 3, 4, 5, or 8 s or dipped in a solution containing 1% buffered sodium citrate, pH 5.8 (BSC), 0.5% citric acid (CA) or 2% liquid smoke (LS) prior to RW exposure. 5 s exposure reduced total plate count (TPC) 1.23 to 1.…
The origin and evolution of feathers has fascinated the general public and researchers for many years. Interest in the evolution of feathers is frequently fueled by discoveries of feathered dinosaurs, such as the recently discovered Anchiornis huxleyi, which displays pennaceous …
The heart is the first organ system to form in the embryo. Over the course of development, cardiomyocytes with differing morphogenetic, molecular, and physiological characteristics are specified and differentiate and integrate with one another to assemble a coordinated electrome…