Ancient Languages

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The study of the Vaticanus umlauts is still in its infancy. It is the intention of this work to advance the field of study in a handful of key areas. In accomplishing this study, five conclusions have been reached. First, the umlauts mark places of textual variation between Vati…

4Q543-547 are four copies of one Aramaic document found among the Dead Sea Scrolls. This work stems from the pre-Hasmonean period and is further evidence of a highly variegated society in early Judaism. This dissertation will provide a new reading of all the fragments and an in-…

Aramaic was one of the most widely used languages of the ancient Near East. Although most of the Dead Sea Scrolls from Qumran are written in Hebrew, a small number use a variety of Aramaic. All of Qumran Aramaic (QA) has reached published form, though a few minor manuscripts hav…

In this dissertation, I explore the 2nd century C.E. reality through the writings of Lucian of Samosata, a native Syrian who wrote in Greek and was a Roman citizen. Lucian wrote a large volume of works that cannot be filed under one specific genre, including Satires, admonitory …