The effect on the electron transport of the confinement of the electrons to a narrow channel in GaAs/GaAlAs heterojunctions and Si MOSFETs is reflected in quantities like the thermopower (S) which is sensitive to the transport of both heat and charge. The calculations described …
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Interest in termolecular association reactions of the type shown below, stems from their importance in the chemistry of planetary atmospheres, gas-cooled nuclear reactors and gas-phase cluster ions. This study is concerned with evaluating the rate constants of such X+ + X + M --…
The research work included in this thesis concerns the study of wave propagation in elastic materials which are stressed in their initial state. This research is based on the non-linear theory of elasticity. Using the theory of invariants, the general constitutive equation for a…
Impulsive solar electron beams have an attractive diagnostic potential for poorly understood particle acceleration processes in solar flares. Solar flare accelerated electron beams propagating away from the Sun can interact with the turbulent interplanetary media, producing Lang…
This thesis presents two studies into molecular manipulation using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), dissociation of chrolobenzene (PhCl) and of 4,4´ dichlorobiphenyl (PCB) manipulation both on Si(111)-7×7 surface. An ab initio investigation is presented on a possible candid…
Recently, excellent properties have been realised from structures formed by carbon nanotubes. This propelled their use as nanoscale electronic devices in the information technology industry. The discovery of carbon nanotubes has stimulated interest in carbonbased electronics. Me…
Fullerene derivatives have been demonstrated as negative-tone resists for electron beam lithography with impressive capability for high resolution and high plasma etching resistance, due to their carbon-rich nature. Their primary drawback of extremely poor sensitivity has been a…
This thesis deals with three aspects of modern astrophysical research. We propose a Bayesian data analysis framework to test alternative theories of gravity using observations of Gravitational Waves (GWs) from the inspiral phase of binary systems. We compare General Relativity p…
The multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) provides spatial and temporal information on the retina’s function in an objective manner, making it a valuable tool for monitoring a wide range of retinal abnormalities. Analysis of this clinical test can however be both difficult and su…
An extensive study of the crystal structure and phase transitions in Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 has been carried out using neutron/x-ray powder, and single-crystal x-ray, diffraction techniques. This has been complemented with optical and Raman studies. The sequence of phase transitions fro…
STM measurements of large size selected clusters of Pd on HOPG show that the aspect ratio increases with increasing cluster size. The non-spherical nature of these clusters is traced back to the aggregation regime in the gas condensation cluster source. The size and temperature …
Gravitational waves are an important prediction of Einstein's General theory of Relativity. Derived as a solution to the Einstein field equations, they are predicted to be produced in systems where there is an asymmetric acceleration of matter, and exist as a time varying quadru…
Our understanding of the physics of neutrino oscillations has evolved rapidly over the past decade or so, with results from the SNO, Super-K, MINOS and CHOOZ experiments, among others, producing results favouring a three-neutrino mixing model, and significantly constraining the …
In tokamaks, heat and particle fluxes reaching the wall are often bursty and intermittent and understanding this behaviour is vital for the design of future reactors. Plasma edge turbulence plays an important role, its quantitative characterisation and modelling under different …
Perovskite-based materials are in the focus of research not only because of their excellent physical properties, but also because their relatively simple structure facilitates the understanding of structure-property relationships, which is crucial for developing novel materials …
Silicon as a platform for photonics has recently seen a very large increase in interest because of its potential to overcome the bandwidth limitations of microprocessor interconnects and the low manufacturing cost given by the high compatibility with the already established micr…
The objective was to develop solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) homonuclear correlation experiments for half-integer quadrupolar nuclei so as to study atomic proximities and connectivities in disordered materials. Nearby nuclear spins are coupled through space via thei…
Within this thesis are discussed two main topics of contemporary astrophysics. The first is that of machine learning algorithms for astronomy whilst the second is that of magnetic cataclysmic variables (mCVs). To begin, an overview is given of ISINA: INTEGRAL Scouce Identifictio…