Institutions for collective action are vital to accomplishing a variety of difficult developmental tasks, including irrigation management. For decades experts have argued collective action institutions for farmer participation, called water user organizations, are essential for …
"44" Result
Sort By:
The discharge of untreated domestic wastewater results in well-documented environmental health hazards. In many poor areas of the world the costs of constructing, operating, and maintaining mechanized wastewater treatment facilities is prohibitive. Given limited resources and co…
Guinea, Mali, Mauritania and Senegal have conducted several efforts to develop the resources of the shared Senegal River basin. Because of poverty in the region, the development of the river basin's resources remains a major concern of authorities of the four countries, their po…
Arid and semi-arid countries are facing the exhaustion of their water resources and are being forced to use saline water (brackish groundwater and drainage water) for irrigated agriculture. The result is often disastrous as extensive productive regions become salinized. Neverthe…
Poor public sanitation is one of the principal problems of towns in developing countries. The situation is deteriorating steadily with rapidly advancing urbanization and the lack of adequate infrastructures for the collection and treatment of wastewater. As a result, water-borne…
Scope and method of study. Currently, Saudi Arabia faces a severe water shortage problem which has been attributed mainly to the imbalanced use of national groundwater resources especially by the agricultural sector. A linear-dynamic programming model was developed to determine …
Water resources in southern New Mexico are limited so efficient usage is required. Onions are a major crop in New Mexico, requiring frequent irrigation because their roots are shallow. Onion growers rarely know water requirements for their locations, so they apply more water tha…
Insofar as drought characterises the Sahel climate, irrigation has provided the only alternative in developing a viable agriculture. Faced with the ever increasing and varied needs for water consumption, development of a hydro-agricultural infrastructure is a relevant and approp…
Responsible management of scarce water resources is a central issue in public debate about the future of U.S. agriculture. Growing nonagricultural demand for water and dwindling water reservoirs have resulted in increased pressure on agricultural producers and policymakers to be…
UAE is located at the southeast of Arabian Peninsula. Two main aquifers occupy the study area: the Eastern Gravel Plain and Ophiolite aquifer. Increasing salinity of groundwater and depletion of aquifers are a major concern in the UAE. Previous studies suggest that groundwater, …
Water scarcity is a growing problem world wide. Economists uniformly suggest water pricing to improve water use efficiency; however, governments tend to reject that advice due to political risk, and economic and cultural concerns. This dissertation addresses questions of what po…
The work reported here describes the water distribution patterns in sandy loam and silt loam soils under surface and micro-irrigation at different temperatures simulating the arid region conditions such as those experienced in the Balochistan Province of Pakistan. Specific consi…
This study is based on the hypothesis that shortage of dissolved oxygen at and below the water table and extraction of groundwater by irrigation wells at a rate greater than the aquifer recharge rate are the main causes of arsenic release in the groundwater of Bangladesh. The ma…
This thesis presents an independent, sediment-based record of landscape change within an agricultural hinterland. Established historical and archaeological sequences document the primary occupation of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka’s ancient capital, beginning ca. 400 BC and lasting un…
Yemen is a water scarce country. Like many other developing countries, it is constrained by a lack of natural resources and finds it difficult to secure sufficient water for human consumption and for agricultural irrigation. This raises the question of how to design actions and …
Using the Wadi Sana watershed of Hadramawt Governate, Yemen as a case study, this dissertation examines how environmental and social factors structured the origins of irrigation in prehistoric Southwest Arabia. It applies three methods, archaeological survey, geomatics, and ethn…
This thesis examines whether and under what conditions the recent decentralization of irrigation management in Turkey can deepen democracy through a comparative study of irrigation management decentralization in two provinces in Turkey: Urfa and Aydin. In Turkey, the state agenc…
The central question of this research is why users of the irrigation system in Sindh, Pakistan do not organize to collectively manage this vital and scarce resource. The research tests the central hypothesis that recent changes in the agrarian structure of rural Sindh, embedded …
Ethiopia is at a critical crossroads with a burgeoning population, a severely depressed national economy, insufficient agricultural production, and a minimal number of developed energy sources. The upper Blue Nile basin harbors considerable untapped potential for irrigation and …