Prolactin (PRL) is involved in a number of reproductively important functions, but the upstream mechanisms that regulate PRL are not well characterized. The hypotheses of this study were that light, serotonin, and stress increase plasma PRL; PRL receptor mRNA levels are correlat…
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The present study addressed whether milk fat, which was modified by partial replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) with 18:1 would reduce plasma cholesterol (C). In addition, since dairy products contain high levels of calcium (cal), which may reduce C through an increased …
Phylogenetic relationships of tropical salamanders, supergenus Bolitoglossa are hypothesized based on analyses of mitochondrial gene sequences. Using a hierarchichal approach, relationships among representatives of all supraspecific taxa within the tribe Bolitoglossini, includin…
Mating Behavior in the male Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is initiated in limbic system brain areas including the medial nucleus of the amygdala (Me), bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and medial preoptic area (MPOA). In this thesis, a multiple mating behavioral…
Puberty involves the complex integration of a variety of neural and endocrine factors. The efficacy of gonadal steroid hormones, testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E2), to exert inhibitory effects gradually declines during puberty. The importance of diminished hormonal sensitiv…
The roles of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and serotonin (5HT) in the generation of gonadotropin and prolactin (PRL) surges were investigated in microdissected brain areas of proestrous (PRO), diestrous (DIE), and photoperiod-induced anestrous (PIA) Syrian hamster…
The hormonal regulation of δ-aminolevulinate acid synthase (ALVS) was investigated in the Harderian gland of the Syrian hamster and other rodents. Western immunoblots were probed with a monoclonal antibody to ALVS and analyzed by densitometry to estimate relative ALVS protein co…
Purpose. Severe emphysema affects peripheral skeletal muscle with only partial reversal with exercise training. The effects of mild emphysema on adaptation of peripheral skeletal muscle to different loading conditions are unknown. Methods. Male Syrian golden hamsters were instil…
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death for postmenopausal women. This increased risk for CHD has been attributed in part to alterations in lipid metabolism and body fat distribution associated with estrogen deficiency. Since the hamster exhibits similarities …
Circadian rhythms in rodents can be phase shifted by activity bouts or light pulses. Syrian hamsters were entrained to a 14:10 full photoperiod (FPP) and were induced to run in the middle of their subjective day. Four of 11 hamsters showed high levels of induced wheel running an…
Birds have high metabolic rates, body temperatures, and plasma glucose concentrations yet physiologically age at a rate slower than comparably sized mammals. The antioxidant activity of uric acid was studied. Study 1 consisted of 18 female broilers consuming inosine or hypoxanth…
The temporal bone, because of the durability of the petrous and mastoid portions (thus increasing chance for recovery) and its proven utility in primate systematics, offers a valuable resource for those interested in hominid evolution. Most often, though, the developmental proce…
In rodents, though ovulation is spontaneous, vaginocervical stimulation (VCS) is required for the induction of the neuroendocrine reflex (NER) that supports pregnancy, or in the case of sterile mating, pseudopregnancy. Rodents have species-specific mating stimulation requirement…
The first objective was to develop an accurate, robust and broadly applicable prediction model of feed consumption of dairy cows in early lactation, and then to compare it with the current NRC model. Among various functions, an exponential model was selected for its best fit to …
Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical with a multitude of tissue specific functions. Its expanding range of functions includes host defense, signal transduction, vasodilation, and neurotransmission. Many wound resident cells including macrophages synthesize NO, which is subsequent…
Acupuncture is the medical practice of inserting fine needles at specific places in the body, named acupoints. These points are located on pathways (called meridians) that run through the body, normally depicted as lines on the body’s surface. According to the medical paradigm o…
Enteroliths are calculi composed of struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate), form in the right dorsal colon in horses, and cause abdominal pain resulting in colic when they obstruct the right dorsal, transverse, or descending colon. Disease prevention and recognition…
The purpose of this dissertation was to determine some of the mechanisms that regulate plasma and yolk cholesterol in Japanese quail lines that were genetically selected for high (HL) and low (LL) plasma cholesterol and their unselected control line (CL). Of particular interest …
Fifty mid-lactation Holstein cows were used in a six-week feeding trial to study effects of high-forage, high-fat diets on dry matter intake, milk production, milk composition, and blood constituents. Cows were divided into 10 replicates, each consisting of five cows. Each cow w…