The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of severe dehydration and rapid rehydration in electrolytes and body fluids homeostasis on the arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius), and to find out which pathway is responsible for the secretion of aldosterone in the dehydra…
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(Co)variance components and genetic parameters for Holstein first and all lactations mature equivalent milk and reproductive traits in the first four lactations were estimated by multiple-trait animal model using Method R procedures. The objectives of this study were to determin…
The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus are the principal site of circadian rhythm generation. Their 24-hour rhythm is under the regulation of the daily light-dark cycle as well as under autonomous pacemaker activity. In the present study we used in vivo and in vitr…
Hybrid zones are places where individuals from different populations which are distinguishable by heritable characteristics come into contact and produce hybrid progeny. Hybridization offers a natural experiment with which to study the genetic interface between species which hav…
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a potent dietary hepatocarcinogen and may be a lung carcinogen when inhaled. To study the relative ability of lung and liver to metabolize AFB1, a susceptible (Swiss-Webster rat) and resistant species (Syrian golden hamster) were pretreated with inducing a…
There is a marked increase in the level of neopterin in the plasma and urine of people under stress. Neopterin is an intermediate that is made during biopterin synthesis. It is found in the plasma of primates, but not in laboratory animals such as mice and rats. The biological r…
Circadian rhythms have been reported to change with age, and such changes are hypothesized to underlie changes in the timing of sleep-wake behavior and sleep disorders, problems which affect up to 40% of older people. Using an animal model, the Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus aurat…
The effects of activation of protein kinase C (PKC) on intermediate filaments (IFs) of different cell types were investigated. In primary cultures of murine or rabbit spinal cord, or human fibroblasts, brief exposure to activators of PKC led to the following changes in IFs: (1) …
To gain insight into lipid utilization of turkey embryos, experiments were conducted to study: (1) lipid and fatty acid distribution and disappearance from yolk sac; (2) ontogeny of acylCoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity and fatty acid binding protein (FABP) in turk…
The microdissection of the integument and subcutaneous structures of the head, neck, and thorax of the Domestic Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo, revealed a complex system with several distinct layers of connective tissue, smooth and striated musculature, and fat bodies (corpora adip…
In rodents, there exists a strong interaction between the reproductive and circadian systems. For this thesis the female hamster was used as a model for the study of this interaction. Studies described in chapter II investigated whether the circadian regulation of reproductive p…
Tibial overuse injuries may arise following load-induced adaptive bone modeling and remodeling. The mechanism by which bone senses and adapts to its strain environment is enigmatic. While a dose-response relationship exists between the magnitude of applied strain and bone adapta…
In the Syrian hamster, the daily rhythm of activity can be reset by activity experimentally induced during the mid-day, which is the usual rest phase in nocturnal rodents. These non-photically induced phase shifts may be mediated, in whole or in part, by serotonergic input to th…
In this study, I evaluated if dietary fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid (OA), dietary antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, and arachidonic acid inhibitors would modify the ability of oxidant stress to stimulate the production of the neutrophil chemokine, …
Dopamine (DA) acts centrally through the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) system to stimulate turkey prolactin (PRL) secretion. DA also modulates LH/FSH secretion through gonadotropin-releasing hormone I (GnRH-I) neurons. The distribution of DAergic, VIPergic, and GnRHergic-i…
A field survey and a metabolism experiment were conducted to study livestock watering practices in the Moroccan Pre-Sahara and their changes with drought extent, season, ecological zone, pastoral system and herd size. The metabolism experiment was designed to determine effects o…
The medial amygdala (MeA) occupies a prominent role in the neurobehavioral transformation of sensory input into sexual behavior. A central aim in neuroscience is to understand the relationship between neural structure and behavior. Thus, I studied the relationship between mating…
A series of studies were conducted to determine how intestinal function in animals could be manipulated by exogenous administration of peptides. In all bird studies, epidermal growth factor (EGF) or peptide YY (PYY) was administered three days prior to hatching (US Patent #5,916…
The aim of the studies underlying this thesis was to characterize the muscarinic and adrenergic receptors expressed in rat brain oligodendrocytes' (OLs); determine if ligand binding alters second messenger levels classically associated with these families of receptors, such as i…