The research conducted can be split into three major regions; pigment material, a simulation program called QuadFit and mesoporous oxides. There has also been some extra work conducted on a catalyst for partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils. Various techniques have been used o…
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The mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is a key multi-enzyme assembly linking the glycolytic pathway to the TCA cycle via the specific conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and, as such, is responsible for the maintenance of glucose homeostasis in humans. PDC comprise…
The intention of this thesis is to gain a better understanding of basic physical processes occurring in low temperature plasmas. This is achieved by applying both analytic and numerical models. Low temperature plasmas are found in both technological and astrophysical contexts. T…
Digital imaging has long been available in radiology in the form of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. Initially the transition to general radiography was slow and fragmented but in the last 10-15 years in particular, huge investment by th…
Gravitational waves were first predicted by Albert Einstein's Theory of general relativity, published in 1916. These waves are perturbations in the curvature of space-time. Indirect evidence of their existence has been obtained via observations of binary pulsar system inspirals …
With its broad gain bandwidth and high optical conversion efficiency, ytterbium (Yb)-doped silica fiber represents an attractive medium for the generation and amplification of ultrashort optical pulses. Research interest in Yb-doped fiber chirped pulse amplifier (CPA) systems fi…
Cancer of the brain and CNS account for only 2% of new cancer cases in the UK however it is responsible for 7% of cancer deaths of those aged under 70 years of age. Although surgery falls short of a cure it is the primary method of treatment. Two of the key problems in tumour su…
This thesis documents my work in the telecommunication system laboratory at the Optoelectronics Research Centre, towards the implementation of code reconfigurable OCDMA and all-optical packet switching nodes based on fibre Bragg grating (FBG) technology. My research work involve…
A z-cut congruent lithium niobate crystal (LiNbO3) has been used in this thesis, as a platform for the surface second harmonic generation (SHG) studies and for the designs of polygonal microcavities for nonlinear applications. Reflection second harmonic generation (RSHG) experim…
Pulsed Plasma Thrusters (PPTs) are long standing electric propulsion thrusters that are reliable, relatively simple and low cost. One of the main issues with the PPT is its poor utilization of the propellant and low efficiency. Typically only 40-60% of the propellant contributes…
This thesis presents an investigation of the factors controlling the performance of two forms of active vibration control applied to lattice structures, such as those used for space applications. The structure considered is based on a lattice structure assembled by NASA in 1984.…
Optical measurements of small-scale auroral structures are here combined with spectrographic data in order to study the relationship between auroral morphology and the energy characteristics of the precipitating population. It is shown that rayed auroral structures are associate…
High-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) have proved to be some of the most interesting X-ray sources in the sky. The growing opulation of Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) Be/X-ray binaries is monitored weekly with two 15ks RXTE observations. My thesis focuses on presenting the analysis of …
The range of atoms which can be cooled by lasers is limited to those which have a closed two level structure. Several schemes have been proposed which aim to extend this range by using coherent control of the particle momenta, but none have yet been demonstrated. We hope to impl…
This thesis focuses on the production of gallium lanthanum sulphide (GLS) microspheres and their potential uses. Microspheres, and micro-resonators in general, have attracted considerable attention because of their promise in all-optical-switching, micro-lasers, multiplexers and…
Nanoscale resolution cathodoluminescence (CL) has been used to demonstrate and investigate the functionality of nanoparticle-based components for future nanophotonic phase-change memory and optical antenna applications. An integrated experimental system based on a scanning elect…
This work describes the development and operation of a capillary based High Harmonic Generation (HHG) system. Using this system a coherent beam of soft x-rays is generated, studied and applied. A series of experiments was then undertaken in order to deepen our knowledge of the H…
This thesis investigates heating and thermal and non-thermal X-ray emission from magnetic loops in active regions of the solar atmosphere using numerical simulations. The simulations also allow investigation of Type III radio emission. In our model we vary a number of physical p…