Promyelocytic Leukaemia proteins (PML), the core component of PML nuclear bodies (NB), are implicated in many critical cellular functions. One of those is confronting virus infection: DNA and RNA viruses target PML-NB and interact with PML proteins and this is thought to facilit…
"62" Result
Sort By:
The major reservoirs for most influenza A virus subtypes are wild aquatic birds, especially ducks. However, they are typically resistant to the effects of the infection and usually do not develop clinical disease. In contrast, some influenza viruses cause severe illness or even …
Survival of Escherichia coli has been examined under the effect of various environmental factors, nutrient and stress conditions in natural lake water or sterile microcosms. E.coli could survive for at least 200 days at temperatures below 25 °C under starvation stress in sterile…
The work described in this thesis identifies some properties of the major polypeptides of pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) and of turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT) virus. The PVM glycoproteins have been studied in particular detail while the results obtained with TRT virus provide a pre…
Human and bovine respiratory syncytial viruses (HRSV and BRSV), along with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) are the members of the genus Pneumovirus in the subfamily Pneumovirinae of the family Paramyxoviridae. Although both HRSV and BRSV have been associated with important disease…
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a member of the pneumovirus genus (family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Pneumovirinae). RSV is an important respiratory virus of both infants and the elderly, representing an underappreciated burden on health care systems. In addition, re-infect…
The oceans cover ca. 70% of the Earth’s surface and due to their depth encompass around 300 times the habitable volume of the terrestrial environment. The exact proportion of life on Earth that exists in the oceans is unknown as many ocean species remain undiscovered; in particu…
There is a delicate evolutionary balance between viruses and their hosts. The host has evolved the intrinsic, innate and adaptive immunity to fight viral infections. However, viruses have acquired several counteracting measures to evade host defences. Ovine Betaretroviruses, inc…
Interpretations of osteological remains from mainland Greece during the 1960-1980s led to the suggestion that the most virulent form of malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, was prevalent between the Mesolithic and Late Bronze Age (c. 8700 cal. BC-1100 cal. BC). Although disregarded o…
Turnip yellows virus (TuYV) is the most common and important virus infecting oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in the UK. It causes reductions in growth and seed yield in oilseed rape. Between 2007 and 2010, the prevalence of TuYV in oilseed rape crops in Lincolnshire, Warwickshire …
Studies on the hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle have been aided by the development of in vitro systems that permit replication of the viral RNA genome and virus particle production. However, the exact functions of the viral proteins, particularly those engaged in RNA synthesis…
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a human pathogen that can cause severe disease in immunocompromised or immunosupressed individuals and also in newborns infected in utero. Transcription of the viral genome occurs by a process in which three classes of HCMV genes, immediate early,…
Outbreaks and sporadic cases of viral Infectious Intestinal Disease (IID) are a major public health issue resulting in significant morbidity and sometimes mortality each year. The economic costs associated are substantial. Laboratory diagnosis of viral IID is important as the ma…
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes inflammation of the liver, which can lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis over time. Whether liver damage is a consequence of viral infection or is due to an immune mediated response is not clear. Steatosis is a histopathological featur…
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae and infects approximately 170 million people worldwide. Unlike other known RNA viruses, HCV causes a persistent infection in the majority of infected people and can lead to cirrhosis of the live…
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a malignant lymphoma that is diagnosed mostly in young adults, and is the second most common malignancy to affect this age group. This disease is subdivided into two entities with different aetiologies: classical HL (cHL) (~95% of cases) and nodular lymp…
Retroviruses possess several biological features that differentiate them from all other infectious agents. The obligatory integration step of the retrovirus genome into the host genome has allowed these viruses to associate, modulate and alter the biology of the cell with a vari…
Viruses are the most abundant biological agents in the global marine environment. Through cellular lysis viruses influence many biogeochemical and ecological processes, including energy and nutrient cycling, host distribution and abundance, algal bloom control and genetic transf…
The major structural protein of the retrovirus HIV-1 is called Gag and is expressed as a 55 kDa poly-protein with six contiguous domains. These are labelled from the N-terminus as MA, CA, SP1, NC, SP2 and P6. There are two distinct assembly steps in the lifecycle of HIV-1, terme…