In the wake of the terrorist attacks of 9/11, America was reeling on multiple fronts. While experiencing a collective wave of bereavement, Americans struggled to understand a phenomenon that they had been uniquely shielded from--that of holy war or the Islamic variant, jihad. De…
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The oral traditions in the Islamic world presented only the moral benefits of Jihad. Yet, the fact is that, though the moral benefits continued to exist before and after the First Crusade, though the interest seemed to have been present and the necessary intellectual theories co…
Between March 1977, and February 2020, there have been 78 instances of ideologically motivated murders and attempted murders in the United States. These instances were characterized as individual-based attacks against other individuals and treated as local crime. However, in eac…
This paper provides insight in the methodologies utilized by leaders of jihadist terrorist organizations who create a dedicated following in their pursuit of establishing a global caliphate. The research in this project illustrates a linkage from these charismatic leaders to the…
During its history, Pakistan shifted in its self-conception from being simply a Muslim majority, liberal democratic state to being a formally declared Islamic state--a development of enormous consequence for the redefinition of Islam and Islamic society, both within Pakistan and…
Hobbes wrote Leviathan in response to the horrifying prospect of a civil war rooted largely in factions' differing conceptions of religious duty. His proposed absolutist, authoritarian remedy and prophylactic for such disorders seeks to cause subjects through extensive education…
The goal of this research was to examine how inner jihad is an essential inner practice on the path of Islamic Sufism. The Arabic term jihad translates as effort, struggle, or striving. This effort and striving is an integral aspect of the transformation of the nafs (self) that …
Within the international relations and political science literature about violent non-state actors claiming inspiration from the Islamic faith (frequently referred to as "jihadists"), there is a debate about whether religious ideas are a causal factor in motivating people toward…
Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Islamic terrorism has been propagated as a seemingly unavoidable threat to our daily lives. However, the globally oriented anti-Western jihad movement peaked in the late 1990s and early 2000s and has since been in decline. Acros…
In 2006, sixty-one percent of the young adults of America felt that Islam was a peaceful religion. Fifty-six percent had a favorable opinion of Islam and fifty-one percent feel Islam teaches respect of others. Only ten percent felt prejudice against Arabs and Muslims.1 Some, per…
La protection des populations civiles en cas de conflits armés, internationaux ou internes est au centre des préoccupations du droit international humanitaire contemporain. C'est un sujet digne d'intérêt et d'études plus approfondies. Dès lors, la recherche ici entreprise concer…
This dissertation explores why some Muslim clerics adopt the ideology of militant Jihad while others do not. I argue that clerics strategically adopt or reject Jihadi ideology because of career incentives generated by the structure of cleric educational networks. Well-connected …
What motivated members of al-Qaeda to hijack commercial airliners and crash them into the sides of buildings? Is it similar to what motivated Japanese fighter pilots to crash their jets into the sides of American aircraft carriers? If so, what can these two seemingly disparate p…
This dissertation examines the processes through which Beirut, a town on the periphery of the Early Islamic Empire (7th -9 th century C.E.), was integrated into a nascent Islamic landscape. Chapter 1 describes the role of Umayyad naval policies in the creation of communal and ad…
This dissertation critically examines competing views of man and nature in mainstream, or "neoclassical," economic theory and Islamic economics. Ironically, the contemporary literature in Islamic economics often uncritically adopts the key philosophical presuppositions of neocla…
This project is an examination of the War against al-Qaeda from the field of religious ethics. In response to September Eleventh, the United States has spent the last decade fighting a war against a diffuse and elusive network of militant Islamists. These events have not been ne…
In this thesis, I probe into the ways in which the much-debated word Jihad lends itself to multifarious meanings within the Mourid Sufi Order and examine the foundations of the principles of peace and non-violence that informed the relationships between Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba, the…
In the figure of 'Abd Allah b. al-Mubarak (118/736-181/797), we find a paragon of the fields of h[dotbelow]adith, zuhd, and jihad, as attested to by the contents of the large number of references to him in the classical Islamic texts. His superior rank as a h[dotbelow]adith tran…