The gut has a substantial resident microbiota localised in two major niches: the lumen and the intestinal mucus layer. The microbiota is vital for host health, yet the gut must also prevent uncontrolled incursion by pathogens or commensal microbes. Integral to host-microbe inter…
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Migratory waterfowl and shorebirds routinely carry LPAIVs within their intestinal tract year round. Infection with more than one strain of AIV is possible and common. As a result of direct or indirect contact with AIV infected waterfowl, other avian species can contract the viru…