Scleractinian reef corals live within a few degrees of their upper thermal limit. They exist in an obligate symbiosis with single-cell dinoflagellates in the family Symbiodiniaceae, and harbor tens to hundreds of types of bacterial and archaeal symbionts. Thermal stress from epi…
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The purpose of this study was to establish a theoretical impact of antibiotic misuse on the microbiome and its effects on immunity. Recent studies indicate the importance of a microbiome on the immune system. Both the leptin signaling pathways and CD4T cell production are influe…
This dissertation has two parts: first describes the analysis of microbiomes of the lower respiratory tract of healthy and diseased chickens. The second describes the epigenetic landscape that determines the gene transcription levels in the erythroid differentiation model. Multi…
The genus Dreissena includes two widespread and aggressive aquatic invaders, the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha and the quagga mussel D. bugensis . This genus evolved in the Ponto-Caspian Sea basin, characterized by dynamic instability over multiple time scales and a unique e…
The recent boon in microbiome research shows that the vast community of microbes that take residence can influence a host’s physiology and fitness. However, what remains to be answered is the relationship between these communities and host aging. Chapter 1 of this thesis reviews…
Honey bees (Apis mellifera) collect and apply antimicrobial plant resins to the interior of their nest cavity to form a lining called a propolis envelope. Previous studies show that exposure to a propolis envelope within the nest cavity resulted in reduced immune system activati…
The intestinal microbiome provides essential services for the host, influencing immune function, nutrient absorption, and susceptibility to pathogens. Dietary history, antibiotics treatment, and disease status have been associated with the bacterial community present within an i…
Increased exposure to antibiotics has led to the dissemination of genes conferring resistance to antimicrobial metabolites throughout human microbiomes globally via horizontal gene transfer (HGT). This has resulted in the emergence of new resistant strains leading to a rising ep…
Body condition is an important life history challenge that directly impacts individual fitness and is particularly important for hibernating animals, whose maintenance of adequate body fat and mass is essential for survival. It is well documented that symbiotic microorganism’s p…
Pests of human habitats may harbor and disperse pathogens that cause human disease. One such pest is the German cockroach (Blattella germanica), which is known to harbor numerous pathogens, including Klebsiella and Pseudomonas. The aim of this study is to reveal the importance o…