Num contexto histórico, a frequência de gestações trigemelares atingiu o seu auge nos finais do século XX e diminuiu significativamente a partir de então, registando-se atualmente uma frequência de 0,2 por 1000 grávidas. Atualmente, os grandes fatores etiológicos que estão na or…
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An empirical approach was used to identify patterns of placental vascular lesions and their relation to preterm delivery (PTD) in the POUCH (Pregnancy Outcomes and Community Health) Study, which enrolled 3019 pregnant women (16-27 weeks' gestation) from 52 clinics among 5 Michig…
Objectives: Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs) were originally derived from germ cell infection by exogenous retroviruses and comprise around eight per cent of the human genome. HERVs are highly expressed in the placenta, where HERV-W (syncytin 1) has been demonstrated to per…
Prenatal maternal immune activation (mIA) is associated with increased susceptibility to neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in later life as evidenced by epidemiological studies that have associated prenatal infection with increased risk of NDDs such as schizophrenia (SZ). Pren…
A healthy pregnancy depends upon the delivery of amino acids and other essential nutrients to the fetus via the placenta. Placental dysfunction is a major cause of fetal growth restriction (FGR), which is characterised by poor growth in utero and most often defined as an individ…
Currently there is no test to accurately predict stillbirth. It is proposed that better identification of placental disease in utero may aid stillbirth prediction and prevention. Pregnancies complicated by reduced fetal movement (RFM) have increased risk of stillbirth. We hypoth…
During normal placental development, a primitive vascular network develops through vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, and is then remodelled through maturation and regression. The mechanism behind this regression is unknown, but data from other systems suggests that it could be du…
The plant cell wall is a vitally important interface connecting plant cells to their outside environment and neighboring cells. Acting as a hub for defense, signaling, and physiological processes, the plant cell wall was a crucial innovation in plant evolution. Current cell wall…