High throughput methods were employed for the physical vapour deposition (PVD) and electrochemical screening of random and equilibrated (annealed at 300 ºC for 15 minutes) binary metal alloys for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). Re…
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This thesis details synthetic studies towards the total synthesis of RP 66453, a natural product isolated from a strain of Actinomycetes bacteria which is shown to bind to the neurotensin antagonist of guinea pigs. RP 66453 provides an attractive target as its bis-macrocyclic co…
Allosteric binding site, in generic terms, refers to a binding site distinct from the active site, where binding of an effector can enhance or decrease enzyme‟s activity. From a drug design point of view targeting allosteric binding sites can offer advantages in terms of selecti…
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are a group of enzymes that are involved in cell cycle progression regulation. The CDKs activate host proteins through phosphorylation on serine or threonine using adenosine triphosphate as a phosphate donor. Especially, cyclindependent kinase 4 (…
Histone acetylation is a key mechanism of transcriptional regulation, which is mediated by two sets of enzymes; HATs and HDACs. Under normal physiological circumstances there is an orchestrated balance between the actions of HATs and HDACs. Disruption of this balance can lead to…
Nuclei from Human cells have been shown to contain a pool of endonuclear phospholipidthat is distinct from the nuclear membrane. It has been suggested that this endonuclear phospholipid is involved in the regulation of nuclear processes such as transcription. This study utilised…
Thanks to its ability to form duplexes through selective base-pair recognition, DNA is a unique material for orderly self-assembled construction at the nanoscale. To develop a nanotechnology platform on a grid of addressable molecular building blocks using DNA node structures, D…
A number of transition metal oxide materials, both new and previously reported, have been synthesised, their structures based on the n = 2 Ruddlesden-Popper layered perovskites. Their structures were determined through Rietveld refinement against X-ray and neutron powder diffrac…
Commercialisation of fuel cells for automotive applications requires catalysts with both improved activity, particularly for the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and stability over commercial platinum only catalysts. This requires a detailed understanding of both desira…
The ability to detect and interrogate DNA sequences allows further understanding and diagnosis of genetic disease. The ability to perform such analysis of genetic material requires highly selective and reliable technologies. Furthermore techniques which can use simple and cheap …
Chapter 1: Peptide targeting of integrin αvβ3 Integrins are cellular surface receptor proteins involved in numerous cellular signalling and adhesion processes. The integrin αvβ3 subtype is up-regulated around sites of malignancy especially solid tumour masses. This is due to its…
Solid state hydrogen storage materials have become a key area of research over the past 20 years. In this work, the potential of zeolites to occlude hydrogen storage materials as guests to make composite materials was explored. Lithium borohydride was successfully loaded in zeol…
Chapter 1 introduces the field of supramolecular chemistry and reviews examples of supramolecular architectures. Applications of these assemblies are outlined with a focus on DNA recognition. In chapter 2 the synthesis and characterisation of an array of palladium(II) and platin…
The measurement of chemical concentrations within the oceans is crucial for our understanding of its biogeochemical processes. Such data is vital for; studies of climate and environment change; natural resource management; assessment of pollution, human impact and biodiversity. …
This thesis is concerned with magnetism at the surfaces of frustrated magnets, and in particular with magnetism on face-centred cubic (FCC) lattice systems. Normally, magnets do not react to a surface. Frustrated magnets do, however, and we consider two cases: Magnetic relaxatio…
Chapter 1 reviews the background of nucleic acid structures and drug targeting to nucleic acids. The concept of molecular recognition between drugs and nucleic acids is also discussed. Besides, being a drug target, DNA can be used as material for constructing beautiful architect…
The organic solid state appears in a complex number of forms. The design, synthesis and application of solid state organic materials have a big impact upon society, e.g. pharmaceuticals. Traditionally, the process of selecting active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) was limited…
This thesis describes efforts made towards the synthesis of a biologically stable, luminescent molecular probe, which could be used to investigate in vivo the processing of sugars by β-galactosidases. To this end, a lactose-based probe was designed, featuring a Lanthanide held w…