Mechanically agitated vessels are widely used for various mixing operations within a wide range of industries including the chemical, pharmaceutical, food and petroleum industries. They are used for liquid blending, solid-liquid mixing, gas dispersion in liquids, heat/mass trans…
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There is increasing clinical need for bone substitutes because of the limited supply of autogenous tissue, and the significance of inherited or other bone diseases. The ultimate aim of this study was to form calcium phosphate (CaP) based matrices as bone grafts for medical appli…
Tightening legislation for vehicles across the world has caused the use of monolith catalysts in automotive emission control to become ubiquitous. Control of the adherence and homogeneity of the platinum group metal (PGM) coating onto the monolith block, to maximise catalytic pe…
The application of High Throughput Experimentation (HTE) stirred vessels in the catalyst and pharmaceutical industries enable the parallel screening of potential formulations. Such tasks only require a fraction of the raw material and experimental time that are needed in convent…
The work in this thesis used an in vitro flow system, which incorporated a capillary viscometer, to systematically determine the effects that haemodynamic variables, or rheological properties of the perfused, fluorescently-labelled blood, had on the behaviour of leukocytes and p…
Although there has been ongoing research on fluidised beds for the past 70 years, the interaction between particles and rising bubbles and the general solids motion in bubbling fluidised beds are still not fully understood. The work presented in this thesis uses the method known…
There is around 9.5 kJ/L of energy contained in UK wastewater which is wasted through traditional aeration treatment. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology provides a new approach to carry the promise of both treating wastewater without aeration and producing renewable energy in …
The development of competent technicians for the oil and gas industries is vital for a sustainable economy in Libya. One of the major factors that brought about modernisation in the country is the export of oil and gas. This has allowed Libya to embark on profound growth and exp…
It is well established that anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can be manufactured by processes involving final sintering. This research investigated a novel alternative method which relies on the electroless co-deposition of yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ) or ceria-stab…
Photocuring of polymers and polymer composites, from epoxy resin based formulations, has been of growing interest over the past two decades. The photocuring occurs when an epoxy formulation is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, usually ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This process…
On an international basis, coal is used extensively for power generation and this is likely to remain the case well into this century. Although many standard tests are currently used to assess and select coals for combustion purposes, these have proven to be unable to predict co…
This thesis aims to describe the ultra-rapid synthesis of a number of important transition metal carbides as well as investigating their reaction mechanisms. 4 binary systems are discussed; Nb-C, Mo-C, Ta-C and W-C, and work carried out on the ternary system, Nb-Ta-C, is also ev…
Thermal treatment is the most common method used by industry to ensure food is safe for consumption and to increase its storage life. To ensure safety, food is often overprocessed which can significantly affect its nutritional value as well as taste and flavour attributes. In th…
When non-Newtonian fluids are mixed in a stirred tank at low Reynolds numbers caverns can be formed around the impeller. If the fluid contains a yield stress the cavern has a fixed boundary where no flow occurs outside of it. When the fluid does not contain a yield stress a pseu…
To predict cell breakage in bioprocessing it is essential to have an understanding of the cell wall mechanical properties. This project involved a study of the wall mechanical properties of individual Baker’s yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) using compression testing by mi…
A major problem of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is their long term durability under cyclic operation, for example during start-up and shutdown, where cracking can occur. The objective of this project is to understand these mechanisms of cyclic degradation for micro-tubular SOF…
This thesis reports numerical analyses of powder flow, mixing and segregation behavior during die filling in a vacuum and in air using an Eulerian-Lagrangian model, which employs a Discrete Element Method (DEM) for the particles and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for the air…
There is a growing interest to incorporate melamine formaldehyde (MF) microcapsules containing perfume oil in detergents, which can be delivered to consumers at end-use applications. The microcapsules should have desirable properties including optimum mechanical strength and cap…
As the focus of research on ‘adaptive/responsive’ surfaces has in recent years contributed strongly towards the design of surface materials with ‘intelligent’ or ‘smart’ behaviour, current superparamagnetic adsorbents being employed both in small and large scale operations can b…