Background: Infectious diarrhea is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children living in developing regions of the world. However, the temporal distribution and mechanisms underlying fluctuations in diarrhea incidence are largely unknown. We sought to model all ca…
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Background: Giardia Lamblia (Giardia) is considered to be pathogenic in high-resource settings, but observational studies among children in resource-limited settings suggest an inverse relationship between Giardia and diarrhea. To test the hypothesis that an adaptive immune resp…
Malnutrition and infectious diseases among preschoolers feature prominently among the major public health concerns in developing countries. Existing evidence tends to support the view that despite the dramatic improvement in human health in the past decades, the gap between rich…
Diarrheal diseases affect an estimated 19% of children under the age of five years in Egypt. The mother's behaviors in response to symptoms of diarrhea in her child play an important role in determining the health outcome for the child, since the mother's intervention can preven…
This study evaluated whether combined zinc and vitamin A supplementation would improve the biochemical indexes of vitamin A nutriture, reduce morbidity, and enhance growth in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention trial. Eight hundred children aged 12–35 mon…
Diarrhea is a major public health problem in developing countries among infants and young children. Not all episodes of diarrhea are confirmed as infectious, suggesting alternate mechanisms. One such is immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated or allergic diarrhea that can be seen in foo…
This research investigates links between diarrhea among pre-school children in the Northern Areas of Pakistan and their subsequent primary school performance. Diarrhea is closely associated with malnutrition and a variety of trace element deficiencies that have been associated w…
Objectives. The primary aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of 10 mg daily zinc supplementation for the treatment of diarrhea in infants 1-5 months of age living in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, New Delhi, India, and Karachi, Pakistan. We also sought to assess differences in m…
This paper empirically examines the role of socioeconomic and environmental factors in explaining longevity with diarrhea for adults by using detailed health data for the Union Army veterans of the United States Civil War. Prevalence rates calculated from current data show that,…
The countries with the largest infectious diseases burden tend to also be the least resourceful. Consequently, public health authorities in those countries need adequate predictive approaches, i.e. early warning-systems, to reduce the burden of infectious diseases whilst minimiz…
Background: Shigella spp . and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) are prominent enteric pathogens and estimates of prevalence are limited by suboptimal sensitivity of current detection methods. Recent studies have suggested common co-infection and frequent asymptomatic patho…
Every year some 3.4 million people worldwide, mostly children, die from diseases associated with poor water quality, sanitation and hygiene. In Pakistan, it is estimated that about 200,000 children die every year of water-related diarrheal diseases. Piped water is commonly thoug…
This dissertation examines the effect of increases in the mother's level of education on the likelihood of diarrheal morbidity among Sudanese children aged 6 to 23 months. Maximum likelihood logistic regression models are used in the analysis. The logit estimates obtained from t…