The desire to enhance sexual pleasure and satisfaction, ensure fidelity in relationships and treat sexual dysfunctions are some of the common factors attributed to the use of traditional aphrodisiacs in Nigeria. However, its connection to women’s sexual agency and empowerment in…
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Background: Many studies have shown that risky sexual behavior leads to increased rates of HIV infection among labor migrants. However, little is known about the role of social support in risky sexual behavior among labor migrants in Kazakhstan. This study explores the potential…
Prepubertal animals differ vastly from adults in their social behaviors. These behavioral changes during puberty must be mediated by changes in the structure and/or function of the central nervous system. In the present dissertation, the male Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus…
Objective. To study sexual network patterns and factors that influence the sexual networking among male groups in Indonesia and to determine to what extent do the patterns of sexual networking or bridging behavior explain the low level of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. Design. Cross-sec…
Understanding why some couples engage in unsafe sexual behaviors when one person is HIV infected and the other is HIV negative (i.e. serodiscordant) is important in reducing HIV infection. Within these serodiscordant couples the risk of HIV is defined clearly. Risk reduction cou…
The HIV/AIDS pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa is the largest in the world, based on both the cumulative number of AIDS cases and the current number of HIV infections, but there is enormous variation in its spread. Differences in sexual behavior patterns is one possible explanation…
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic derivatives of testosterone used by over half a million adolescents in the US for their tissue-building potency and performance enhancing effects. Recent studies show AAS use is increasing among teenagers. AAS have behavioral effe…
The HIV/AIDS disease in Senegal is characterized by a stable national prevalence rate around 1% since 1990, its concentration among vulnerable sub-groups and in certain geographic areas, and its essentially heterosexual mode of transmission. However, explanatory studies of risky…
Indonesia is facing a sharp increase in its HIV epidemic among female sex workers (FSWs). A better understanding of the HIV risk behaviors among this group is needed to prevent further spread of this epidemic. A growing literature documents a synergistic relationship between the…
Naturally motivated behaviors, such as female sexual behavior, activate neural circuits that in turn mediate the rewarding aspects of the behavior. Activation of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system by repeated sexual experience leads to long-term changes in behavioral, cellula…
Ovarian hormones act throughout the brain and body to influence a range of functions and behaviors. Estrogens and progesterone are neuroprotective and have important health implications. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying many of their actions is incomplete.…
This dissertation consists of three essays. The first essay analyzes the causal effect of HIV education and incentives (home-based HIV testing and conditional cash transfer) on HIV testing decision. The second essay analyzes the short- and medium-term causal effects of HIV testi…
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an emerging risk factor for HIV infection. Given the high vulnerability of and limited research on transwomen in China, we described IPV, sexual risk behaviors, HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) testing rates and results, and inves…
Previous research described sex differences in pheromonal stimulation of the chemosensory pathway that mediates copulatory behavior in Syrian hamsters. The goal of the studies described herein is to further characterize this pathway in males and females in an attempt to identify…
Sexual behavior and condom use of both men and women are of increasing interest to researchers due to the expansion of the population studies field to include reproductive health following the International Conference on Population and Development (1994 in Cairo) and the rise of…
Objective: The study assessed how sexual consent varied from imaginary ideal scenarios and actual sexual experience while taking into consideration gender and relationship status. Methods: College students completed an online survey in which they were randomized to one of two im…
The low HIV prevalence in Maldives coupled with low HIV comprehensive knowledge presents a challenge to the consistency of the hypothesized HIV knowledge-prevention paradigm. Researchers had not explained why HIV prevalence in Maldives is low despite the low levels of HIV knowle…
Religion has been a dominant social control mechanism for sexual behavior across cultures, for thousands of years. Previous research has found that Christianity has been highly influential within Western culture, and its most fundamental principles are linked with sexual behavio…
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulty learning social, behavior, and communication skills. These difficulties may manifest in various ways and, in some circumstances, lead to problematic sexual behavior (PSB). PSB are behaviors that occur at an inapprop…