National prevalence surveys indicate that lifetime and recreational drug use among all social classes have increased steadily over the last decade in Ireland (Moran et al., 2001a, Mayock, 2002, National Advisory Committee on Drugs, 2008a). Drugs research has been traditionally b…
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Positive Youth Development (PYD) is a strengths based approach that embraces an optimistic view of youth and clear definitions of positive outcomes. The goal of the three studies comprising this dissertation was to examine the application of the Five Cs PYD framework (Caring, Ch…
More than 20 million individuals have a substance use disorder in the United States. Individuals cycling in and out of the criminal justice system disproportionately experience substance use disorders that result in a multitude of negative outcomes. Prior research demonstrates t…
Substance use among women has increased in recent years (SAMHSA, 2019). SAMHSA (2009) recommends that substance use be treated differently in women due to the biopsychosocial differences from men, such as progression of substance use disorders, comorbid and co-occurring psycholo…
While substance use is commonplace within the United States, a subset of users will develop a substance use disorder (SUD). SUDs are characterized by binge-like intake with compulsive seeking and consumption, even in the face of adverse consequences. Extensive research has chara…
Substance use has been a public health concern in the U.S. In response to the opioid crisis, the implementation of both effective public health programs and behavioral interventions are needed. At the state level, prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) grant prescribers a…
Research on loss has found that there are correlations between loss and individual factors in a persons’ life, such as substance use (Johnson, 2012; Vaswani, 2008; Zinzow et al., 2009), mental health symptomology (Godfrey, 2017; Harner, Hentz, & Evangalista, 2011), adverse child…
The overdose crisis has been an issue of public health and safety in the U.S. over the past 30 years, as a wave of increased addiction and overdoses beginning in 1990 brought it to public attention and political salience.1 The impact of the current overdose crisis is felt deeply…
In the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5: American Psychiatric Association, 2013), a dissociative subtype was added to the diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Although the dissociative symptoms of depersonalization and derealiza…
The concept of recovery from addiction in the United States continues to be a significant topic specifically in regards to social, economic, and physical outcomes. Harm reduction techniques, including early intervention strategies to target those at risk for developing substance…
While there is a substantial amount of research looking at spirituality and substance use recovery, there are multiple ways that these constructs are defined. No studies to date use the World Health Organization’s Spirituality, Religiousness and Personal Beliefs (SRPB) to define…
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic relapsing condition associated with significant patient morbidity and mortality. Patients suffering from OUD have an increased risk of death from suicide, HIV, infectious disease, and trauma, among other causes. Patients suffering from OUD …
Research has consistently demonstrated that a substantial number of individuals in the criminal justice system struggle with substance misuse. Furthermore, rates of relapse and recidivism among this population are high. One challenge facing this population is self-stigma, the pr…
Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by considerable biological and psychological changes. During adolescence (which is defined by the age range of 13-24 for this study based on the participants that provided data), young people experience rapid increases in physi…
In the U.S., approximately 2.3 million individuals ages 16-24 have not attained a high school diploma (National Center for Education Statistics [NCES], 2017). Those who drop out are three times more likely to be unemployed and earn incomes 27% less than those who graduate (Burea…
The most recent opioid epidemic in United States history emerged in the late 1980s and continues its destructive impact to this day. It has evolved into a devastating public health crisis with a broad range of medical, social, and economic consequences. This dissertation focuses…
This work examines the interface between adaptation and acculturation to the experience of colonialism and the etiology of maladaptive parenting skills in a subjugated population, specifically the Latinx diaspora. It explores intergenerational trauma through the lens of the Dark…
The purpose of this project was to develop an opioid treatment program, identify potential funding sources, and write a grant application for the Los Angeles Centers for Alcohol and Drug Abuse (LACADA) in downtown Los Angeles. Findings from the literature review indicated that m…
This dissertation explores the lived experience of mandated treatment specific to substance use related adjudication. Background information related to the rise of substance specific diversion courts within the United States is provided, as well as discussion of relevant literat…