In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to identify the effects of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) supplementation on poultry immune cells function, cytokine production, and production parameters following an inflammatory or coccidial challenge. Supplementing chicken mac…
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Changes in the microenvironment have been implicated in the transition of pre-invasive ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) to invasive breast cancer. Normal myoepithelial cells have a tumour suppressor phenotype but they are altered in DCIS and ultimately lost with transition to inv…
Shigella spp. are the etiologic agents of dysentery, a severe diarrheal syndrome characterized by acute inflammation in the colon. The inflammatory response, which includes recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), damages the colonic mucosa and exacerbates the infectio…
Avian metapneumovirus subtype C (aMPV/C) causes a severe upper respiratory tract (URT) disease in turkeys. The disease is characterized by viral replication and extensive lymphoid cell infiltrations in the URT. The identity of infiltrating cells and their possible involvement in…
Objective: The survival rates for cardiac arrest patients to hospital discharge are very low. Post-arrest patients have an immune response and usually a period of immunosuppression. When CD3+ T cells activate, they switch from primarily relying on aerobic metabolism to primarily…