This thesis is concerned with the total syntheses of the natural products aspidospermidine and aspidofractinine. These targets are noteworthy not only for the biological activity displayed within the class but also for their interesting molecular architecture. Herein, two routes…
SERS is a useful spectroscopic technique that was discovered 30 years ago, and has recently seen a renaissance in research. Sphere segment void (SSV) substrates have been developed as reproducible, stable SERS substrates by electrodeposition of a metal through a colloidal templa…
This thesis describes the synthesis of a series of pyridyl guanidinium-carboxylates. Dilution and spectroscopic studies are made thus affording information concerning the molecular forces controlling their dimerisation. Chapter I provides an introduction to the thesis and discus…
Tributyltin compounds (TBT) are highly toxic pollutants, mainly introduced to the environment as a marine antifouling agent. The main aim of this work was to evaluate the present methods for the measurement of TBT and its breakdown products dibutyltin and monobutyltin in environ…
Gold electrocatalysts have been of growing interest in recent years owing to their reactivity for a variety of important reactions such as the oxygen reduction reaction. This activity has been shown to be dependent on the size of the supported electrocatalyst nanoparticles. In t…
Seven different racemic cyclohexyl-based chiral auxiliaries (2.4-2.10) were synthesised in moderate to good yields (38-85%) by nucleophilic opening of cyclohexene oxide using carbanions. The racemic cyclohexyl-based chiral auxiliaries were coupled with the 6-methyl-2- methyleneh…
In this work, density functional theory (DFT) was used to obtain microscopic structures of heterogeneous catalysts based on rhodium supported on a metal oxide (-Al2O3). Two different methodologies were used. The first methodology uses a periodic model and a plane-wave basis set …
The UK eScience initiative has undertaken the unenviable task of providing the scientist with computational tools to enhance the way in which science is performed. In this work, the experimental measurement of polarisation dependent reflectance second harmonic generation at the …
Trace elements in marine biogenic carbonates may be used as proxies for past ocean chemistry provided that there is an established relationship between the trace element proxy and a parameter of interest, this relationship is preserved within biogenic carbonate, and the trace el…
Estimates of vertical fluxes of nitrate (JN) into the subsurface chlorophyll maximum from the bottom mixed layer were made in a variety of hydrological regimes over the Celtic Sea in 2003 and 2005. Over a topographically flat shelf JN varied with the spring-neap tidal cycle (1.1…
In the first part of this study are presented the synthesis and results of structural investigations of mixed metal sulfosalts. Included are the structures of five new lead, bismuth and antimony sulfosalts; phase GZ1 (Bi4.39 Pb1.4 Sb3.21 S13), phase GZ2 (Bi1.74 Pb2.62 Sb2.15 S8)…
This work has been divided into two parts. The first part was concerned with experimental studies on the rearrangement of cyclopropyl carbenes, generated by the decomposition of the p-toluene sulphonyl hydrazones of cyclopropyl aldehydes and ketones at 135 - 140° in an alkaline …
Electron transfer is a key part of many chemical, biological and physical processes, that is commonly studied by electrochemical methods, which give insight into reaction mechanisms but no structural information. It is necessary to combine electroanalysis with another technique …
In order to study computationally increasingly complex systems using theoretical methods model Hamiltonians are required to accurately describe the potential energy surface they represent. Also ab-initio methods improve the calculation of the excited states of these complex syst…
Natural products have been the source of numerous leads for several drugs. As these natural products are often isolated in small quantities, it is necessary to produce them synthetically to allow testing for biological activity. Furthermore, synthesis allows the preparation of u…
Ultrasonic transducers have been widely used in the medical applications. High frequency array transducers have recently attracted many research interests, since it provides not only the electronic beamforming but also the very fine image resolution. The transducers are usually …