The hydrolytic degradation of a series of β-sultams and β-lactams was investigated using isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC), to determine kinetic and enthalpic data. The importance of these studies was to model the process of hydrolysis as this was a simplification of the mechani…
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A series of multidentate N-donor ligands have been synthesised all containing pyridyl and pyridyl/thiazole units and their coordination behaviour is described. The ligands are classified into four types; i) terpyridine containing pyridyl/thiazole ligands (L1-3); ii) pyridyl/thia…
The -lactams and the related -sultams are attractive targets for synthesis because of their central importance in antibiotics such as the penicillins. These heterocycles are of further interest because of their potential as inhibitors of the serine protease class of enzymes113…
The move to use heterogeneous solid acid catalysts as new, cleaner, renewable catalysts for liquid phase reactions is at the forefront of scientific research, with the focus on the ability to tailor and improve the physical and chemical properties of the catalysts in order to ta…
Solid acid catalysts are becoming of great importance within the chemical industry and their acidity is of great interest, as this determines their application, plus many of their catalytic properties can also be directly related with their acidity. There has been a drive toward…
Supramolecular chemistry involves the study of noncovalent interactions that take place between molecules. A supramolecule or host-guest complex is formed when a noncovalentbinding or complexation event occurs between two such molecules. Hydrogen bonds, electrostatics, ?-stackin…
Chemotaxonomy is the classification of plants and microorganisms based on similarities and differences in their natural products and the biochemical pathways involved in their manufacture. The classification and identification of L rhinocerus, a medicinal fungus, for this resear…
This PhD thesis describes research into the structure and function of lysostaphin (EC 3.4.24.75), a glycylglycine endopeptidase secreted by Staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus ATCC 1362. Lysostaphin is a member of the M23/M37 zinc metalloprotease family and is a pre-p…
Asymmetric allylation of aldehydes with allyltrichlorosilane reagents, in recent years, has become a powerful synthetic tool towards the enantioselective construction of homoallylic alcohols. In general, the reaction displays good diastereocontrol. Thus, when the allylation is c…
Thermal treatment is the most common method used by industry to ensure food is safe for consumption and to increase its storage life. To ensure safety, food is often overprocessed which can significantly affect its nutritional value as well as taste and flavour attributes. In th…
When non-Newtonian fluids are mixed in a stirred tank at low Reynolds numbers caverns can be formed around the impeller. If the fluid contains a yield stress the cavern has a fixed boundary where no flow occurs outside of it. When the fluid does not contain a yield stress a pseu…
Studies were conducted to explore whether high pressure (up to 700 MPa) could be used in combination with elevated temperatures (up to 90°C initial temperature) to produce ambient stable green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) with improved quality compared with conventionally heat pro…
Dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations are usually comprised of a mixture of micronised active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with aerodynamic diameter 1-5 m to allow deposition in the lower airways, and a coarse (~70 micron) excipient, typically \(α\)-lactose monohydrate, used …
Industrial reactions can either be catalysed by acidic, basic or neutral supported catalysts. The work within this thesis includes two different projects of industrial interest, both of which are catalysed by basic and acidic supported catalysts. (1) Acrylonitrile is one of the …
Chapter One gives an overview of molecule-based magnetic materials, and a summary of topics of current interest in this field such as spin crossover (SCO), molecule-based magnets (particularly three room temperature metallo-organic magnets), Metallo-organic frameworks (MOFs), fr…
This thesis describes our attempts towards realising new chemistry involving methyleneaziridines, for the main part, focusing on novel cycloaddition reactions involving this unique, densely functionalised heterocycle. Contrary to methyleneaziridines, the cycloaddition reactions …
The contribution of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in the response of human sperm to progesterone, a steroid secreted from the cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte, has not yet been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of SOCE proteins in human …
Since the first reported use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as an electrode material in 1996 the use of CNTs within electrochemistry has grown rapidly. Single walled carbon nanotubes offer bio-compatibility combined with nano-scale dimensions and low background currents in the prist…
This thesis describes the synthesis, characterization and study of a range of oligonucleotides that were modified by the inclusion of a non-nucleosidic anthracene unit. This involved the synthesis of different stereoisomers of a non-nucleosidic backbone attached to DNA via a car…