In recent decades, the control of cortisol metabolism within tissues by the 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 β-HSD) enzyme system has been studied in detail, however there is limited data regarding the effect of this enzyme system on skeletal muscle. The results of this …
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The natural angiogenic response of the vasculature to cardiovascular disease has been shown, at least in part, to involve circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). However, the native response is often insufficient to restore vascularity without additional intervention. I…
The aim of this research was to explore the potential of routinely collected primary care data to support the identification of individuals for cardiovascular risk reduction. The work involved a systematic literature review of reminder interventions operating at the point of car…
The nitrite anion has traditionally been considered an inert by-product of nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, but is now thought to be an important source of bioactive NO. Work from our department and others have implicated intrinsic vascular wall heme-proteins in a hypoxia-potentiat…
Accelerated atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease are seen in patients with primary vasculitis (PSV) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The mechanisms behind this remain unclear, but recent studies have linked it to endothelial cell dysfunction (ECD), which may result from the …
In order to advance our understanding of self-injury this longitudinal study investigated the experiences of 25 adults who had used or were using self-injury. This was achieved by obtaining verbal narrative accounts of their experiences of using self-injury from its onset during…
Background - Magnetic Resonance Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MRMPI) has been used for the detection of reversible myocardial ischaemia in humans since the early 1990’s. This non-invasive method of diagnosing reversible myocardial ischaemia has a number of advantages over the ot…
INTRODUCTION: The focus of this MD thesis has been relaxin, a member of the insulin family, which is a protein composed of two disulphide linked chains of approximately 6000 Daltons. Relaxin has been traditionally recognised as a hormone of parturition, though more recently it h…
Cachexia is a prognostically important development in patients with heart failure. The most commonly used definition of cardiac cachexia is loss of a percentage of body weight over time. Muscle wasting has been assumed to be the major contributor to this weight loss, and cytokin…
Patients with nephrotic range proteinuria have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease through qualitative and quantative changes in lipids and lipoproteins. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of omega-3 fatty acids derived from fish oil in this population. Treatmen…
Section I - Introduction: The thesis explores the value of attachment theory as a framework for understanding the onset of, and adaptation to the experience of psychosis. The first section of the thesis establishes the clinical and theoretical context from which this line of enq…
Rodent hepatic myofibroblasts are susceptible to nerve growth factor-mediated apoptosis through p75 neurotrophin receptor ligation. Hepatic myofibroblast apoptosis is critical to resolution of liver fibrosis. I show that human hepatic myofibroblasts exhibit differential response…
The autoimmune regulator (AIRE), a key player in negative selection of developing thymocytes, acts as a transcriptional regulator, inducing the expression of tissue restricted antigens (TRA) within medullary thymic epithelial cells in a process known as promiscuous gene expressi…
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects thejoints and is characterized by bone and cartilage erosion. These patients have an increased risk of developing co-morbid cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study the vascular adventitia from patients…
As the number of patients reaching stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases worldwide, a similar trend can be seen in the UK. A disproportionate figure are older, frailer and more dependent with an increased prevalence of comorbidities. Subsequently, there is greater aware…
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) frequently present with pain under their feet. Forefoot bursae can give rise to such symptoms, but are rarely investigated. The aim of this thesis was to use musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) performed by a podiatrist to evaluate the preva…
Lymphoedema is a chronic, debilitating and disfiguring medical condition caused by lymphatic insufficiency. This insufficiency may be characterised as primary, when there is congenital or hereditary cause; or secondary, when the cause is related to trauma or illness. It can lead…
This thesis investigates routine physiotherapy management of patients with subacute and chronic non specific low back pain. In a pragmatic multi-centre trial patients were randomised to receive a course of physiotherapy treatment or advice following a bio-psychosocial model. Dis…
Past research has indicated that people diagnosed as being on the autism spectrum have unusual sensory experiences when compared with typically developing individuals (e. g., Tomchek & Dunn, 2007; Watling et al., 2001). However, an examination of the available evidence has revea…