Adenosine plays an important role in animal physiology as the backbone of the high-energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and also as a modulator of cellular activity through interaction with adenosine receptors. Since cellular activity causes an increase in extracellular …
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Kerosene-based fuels have been used for many decades. Over 2 million military and civilian personnel each year are occupationally exposed to various jet fuel mixtures. Dermatitis is one of the major health concerns associated with these exposures. In the past, separate absorptio…
In order to simulate ultrasound propagation and subsequent thermal effects in biological media in which blood vessels and other structures may be present, a 3-dimensional model has been developed that eliminates the need for symmetry constraints. The model is based on the couple…
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Canada and in the United States. Over 50% of cancer patients will receive radiation therapy as a part of or all of their treatment. In order to ensure proper tumour coverage and normal tissue avoidance, accurate dose verification is…
Advances in materials technology have brought about a class of prostheric foot and ankle components for the lower limb amputee, called Dynamic Elastic Response (DER). These components are designed to store energy during the stance phase of gait in a leaf spring keel, and return …
We have studied the arrhythmia problem and acquired the clinical knowledge to detect arrhythmia events accurately. We have also determined what clinical knowledge is used and what clinical knowledge is ignored by existing ECG beat classifiers. Both ECG beat classifiers and clini…
Development of small-diameter blood vessels using tissue engineering has been promising as a novel therapy for patients who require coronary artery bypass grafting but lack suitable donor tissue. However, the performance of tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) has been chal…
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound, or HIFU, is capable of treating tissue deep in the body without the need for surgery. With this premise, an ultrasound image-guided HIFU device has been developed for treating submucosal uterine fibroids, which are benign tumors common in women…
Composites that contain hydrophilic particles dispersed uniformly within a hydrophobic network have been investigated. Theoretical issues that governed release characteristics have been defined and validated experimentally. When the hydrophilic content is below the percolation t…
Segmentation is an important step in the interpretation of Magnetic Resonance (MR) images of the human body. MRI reveals an unequaled view of the anatomy of the brain in terms of spatial and contrast resolution, and its multispectral nature has been exploited to obtain better pe…
Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) represents an ideal vector for use in many gene therapy applications. HSV-based vectors have recently been employed in human clinical trials to treat malignant brain tumors. The production of HSV-1 vectors must now be scaled-up to meet the dem…
Bone's ability to respond relatively high frequencies of mechanical stimuli is indicative as to how bone cells sense the signal for adaptation. This frequency sensitivity data extends beyond identifying the factor that stimulates bone formation. The most active inhibitor of bony…
A new role is proposed for the superior colliculus within the feedback loop of the brainstem saccade generator in light of identification of buildup neurons within the superior colliculus. The Dominey-Arbib model of spatial accuracy is taken as a platform and is modified to acco…
Nucleolin, an abundant cellular protein, has been recognized as a therapeutic target in gene therapy treatments for cancer. Structural studies to facilitate rational design of small molecule inhibitors of nucleolin require sufficient quantities of the protein. Since cellular lev…
Bone homeostasis, fracture, and fracture healing process identification, modeling, control and simulation using soft computing methodologies are presented. Although the focus is on the fracture healing process, models of bone homeostasis and fracture occurrence are developed to …
Currently, the surgeon operating with the Zeus robot relies exclusively on visual feedback from the surgical site. However, the sense of touch may be extremely important for the surgeon because certain tissue is very delicate and cannot withstand a large amount of force exerted …
Background. An acute myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the more common diagnoses for hospitalized patients in America. In treating this disease, physicians commonly have several different treatment regimens available. A decision support system that could identify patients at …
Coaxial electrospray is an encapsulation method in use in biomedical research for the encapsulation of drugs and genes. In this thesis, its ability to produce polymer capsules with a core-shell structure was investigated as potential non-viral vector for gene delivery. Three mai…
Laser-scanning microscopy (LSM) has become a standard technique for biomedical imaging at the cellular and sub-cellular level. LSM is not only widely used as a powerful biological imaging tool but also as a research platform for investigating new imaging modalities. However, eme…